| Background and aims The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene promoter polymorphisms on the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Chinese hemodialysis (HD) patients.Methods A total of 884 HD patients from fourteen HD centers in south China were investigated. The promoter polymorphisms in the genes encoding TNF-α(-238, -308) and IL-10 (-592, -819) of all these patients were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method.Results Among the 884 patients, 179 (20.2%) were anti-HCV (+), and 143 (79.8%) of anti-HCV (+) patients became chronic infection. The anti-HCV (+) patients showed longer duration of HD (6.98±4.79 versus 2.68±2.94 yr, P<0.001), higher rate of blood transfusion (63.7% versus 44.1%, P<0.001), dialyzer reuse (46.0% versus 7.3%, P<0.001) and kidney transplantation (10.1% versus 3.5%, P=0.011), compared with the anti-HCV (-) patients. However, the distributions of TNF-αand IL-10 alleles and genotypes were no significant differences between the anti-HCV (+) and anti-HCV (-) patients (P>0.05). And the frequencies of the above alleles and genotypes were also approximately equally distributed in the persistent infection and the viral clearance HD patients (P>0.05).Conclusions This study did not suggest that the TNF-αand IL-10 genes promoter polymorphisms had influence on the infection of HCV in the Chinese HD patients.
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