An Exploratory Research On Expiratory Detection Of Lung Cancer And Gastric Cancer

Objective To screen volatile breath markers for non-small-cell lung cancer and assess their potentiality for the diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods Breath samples were collected from 20 patients with non-small cell lung cancer using Tedlar?gas bags and 20 healthy people as control. The samples were concentrated with pre-concentration tubes and separated with gas chromatography. The volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the Tedlar? gas bags were analyzed with surface acoustic wave (SAW). Selected VOCs were distinguished with C6-C22,the levels of the selected VOCs were compared between the two groups with Mann-Whitney U Test;ROC curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of these markers.Result Decanal and Diethyl phthalate showed statistical significance for the median concentration differences between non-small cell lung cancer and healthy volunteers. For decanal, the median concentration was higher in non-small cell lung cancer than healthy volunteers, and the concentration of squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that of adenocarcinoma. For diethyl phthalate, the median concentration was higher in healthy volunteers than non-small cell lung cancer. It showed no statistical significance for the concentration difference between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Decanal had the sensitivity of 95.0% and the specificity of 70.0% between non-small cell lung cancer and healthy volunteers , with the sensitivity and specificity can be achieved 80.0% and 70.0% between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Diethyl phthalate had the sensitivity 80.0% and 70.0%, which showed no statistical significance for the concentration difference between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma .Conclusion Decanal and diethyl phthalate could be used as volatile markers for non-small-cell lung cancer. Decanal could possibly help discern between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Objective To analyse the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breath of gastric cancer , gastric ulce, chronic superficial gastritis and normal human by Na-nose. The clinical applicability of analyzing VOCs for diagnosis of gastric cancer was assessed.Methods Breath samples were collected by Tedlar?gas bags after signed consent from 144 subjects aged 21–75 years, respectively gastric cancer 46 cases, gastric ulcer 35 cases, chronic superficial gastritis 30 cases, healthy volunteers 33 cases. Sorbent Tubes were opened by tube cutter, then Tedlar?gas bags and glass rotameter DK800 were connected by Teflon tube, breath samples were concentrated by Sorbent Tubes and the flow rate was 200 ml per min, Sorbent Tubes were covered. In a typical experiment, signals of the sensor array were collected for 5 min in vacuum, then for 5 min during breath exposure, and then again for 5 min in vacuum. The cycles were repeated 3–5 times to test reproducibility. An Agilent Multifunction switch 34980 (AgilentTechnologies Ltd) controlled by USB was used to select the active sensor and measure the corresponding resistance at a given time.The electrical resistance of the sensors was measured using a device analyser using integration times that span at least two power line cycles. The entire system was computer controlled.JMP9.0 software was used for the statistical analyses and analyzed them with standard principal component analysis (PCA) .A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. The significances of the differences between the groups were obtained from Wilcoxon rank sum test.Result The response to the breath samples of the 4-sensor array was analyzed by using PCA. Prin4 was first principalcomponent (PC1). There was significant difference of PC1 of gastric cancer , gastric ulcer, and normal human by Wilcoxon rank sum test. The significant difference was showed between gastric cancer and gastric ulcer (p<0.0316). The significant difference was showed between gastric cancer and normal human(p<0.0133). The significant difference was showed between gastric ulcer and normal(p<0.0113).Conclusion There was significant difference of PC1 of gastric cancer , benign gastric ,and normal human. Classification of benign and malignant gastric ulcer through exhaled breath by Na-nose. Breath analysis might provide a new method for lung cancer diagnosis.