Effects Of Valproate Acid Sodium On The Growth And Apoptosis Of Human Pancreatic Cancer PANC₁ Cell Lines

Objective:To study the effect of valproate acid (VPA)on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer PANC₁ cells, in order to further provide the basis for clinical research and application.Methods:Test the effect of valproate acid on inhibiting proliferation of PANC₁ cells by WST-8 test. The morphology of apoptosis of PANC₁ cells was examined by fluorescence microscope after hoechst 33258 staining, while the clone formation of PANC₁ was detected by clone formation assay. The cell cycle and the percentage of hypodiploid cells of PANC₁ cells treated with valproate acid for 48 h were determined with propidium iodide (PI) staining by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was detected with Annexin v-pi dual parameter by flow cytometry..Results:When PANC₁ cells were treated with valproate acid for 48h, their proliferation were significantly inhibited, their IC50 were 2.23mmo1/1 respectively. When the concentration is higher, the inhibitory rate is higher. Compared with control group, the clone formation of PANC₁ cells treated with valproate acid for 7 days was also significantly inhibited. After treated with valproate acid for 48h, apoptosis morpholofical alterations, such as cell number reduced obviously, some cells cytoplasmic reduce, chromation sondensation and apoptotic bodies were observed by staining with Hoechst 33258 under the fluorescence microscope. Compared with control group, the cells in G0/G1 phase increased obviously. Early apoptosis rates were significantly higher in treatment groups than those in control group. Cell apoptosis gradually increased with the cell concentration.Conclusion:Valproate acid can effectively inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis on PANC 1 cells.