| Lanthanum carbonate (rade name is FOSRENOL), which was approvaled by U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in October 2004, is currently sold as a prescription drug. Its funcation is form a solid lanthanum carbonate/phosphate binder by bind with the dietary phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract. This binder finally excreted by the body because it can't get into the blood by pass through the intestinal wall, so the total amount of the the body's absorption of dietary phosphate is reduced. As a non-calcium and non-aluminum phosphate binder, the same to the traditional phosphate binder, Lanthanum carbonate also can reduce the level of serum phosphate. Moerover, it won't lead to elevate serum calcium and serious side effects. Its tolerance is better too. Therefore, in recent years, lanthanum carbonate as a novel anti-hyperphosphatemia drug is widely used and studied. Nowadays, most of the chemical reaction to synthesis Lanthanum carbonate is in aqueous solution. But because of the chemical property of La3+ is very lively, so La3+ prone to hydrolysis in water to produce other products, thus leading to get impure products or non-target products. So when use the soluble lanthanum to prepare Lanthanum carbonate, in order to avoid hydrolysis, it needs to to adjust the pH and controlling the reaction conditions, etc. At one hand, it wound make the steps of the reaction complex; the other hand it wound cause some questions such as the introduction of foreign ions and reduce yields. Currently, solid-state chemical reaction has been widely used, and shows many advantages: high efficiency, energy saving, pollution-free, and easy operation, etc. So we were prepared lanthanum carbonate by trituration, and evaluate the product's various types of characterization and phosphate binding efficiency.When we prepared lanthanum carbonate, we used the methods. One is grind calcium chloride and lanthanum chloride immediately, another one is add alcohol when grinding. We first use XRD and FTIR to character the basic chemical structure of the product synthesis by the two methods, and then we made the product has ICP and elemental analysis, combain to the XRD and FTIR results, we can confirm the product prepared by the two methods are all La2(CO3)3·8H2O, and it has high purity. But when the products were characterized by SEM and in vitro phosphate binding reaction test, we found that the samples we prepared without ethanol shaped like rod. Because of the larger size, its reaction rate of binding PO43- is slower. But if the reaction last more than 2 hours, its PO43- binding rate can reach to 99% and above. When we grind carbonicum calcinatum and lanthanum chloride in ethanol, we can get Sheet sample. This sample is smaller that reachs to nanometer level, so it has larger reaction area. Therefore, its reaction rate of combination with PO43- is faster, requires only 1 hour to complete response, with binding rate also > 99%.Futher more, in this paper, we use DSC, FTIR and XRD to investage theγform nylon 6 which prepared via"phosphoric acid–ammonia water"vapor, we found that the sample has different lamellar thickness. And when we heat-treated the original sample below its melting point, it occurredγform transition toαform at 170℃, which is far below the original samples'High-temperature melting point(221℃).The last part introduces a method to prepare porous fiber use nylon 6 finefober as raw material and CaCl2 as complexant. We investage the influence of different density of CaCl2 solution and different reaction conditions on the morphology, surface area, and form transform of nylon 6 porous fiber, expected to produce a porous fiber which can be used as filling or blended material, and provide a new thread to prepare nylon 6 porous material. |
