| Objective:To explore the mechanism of Xuezhikang's anti-atherosclerosis by observing the changes of the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Fifty-four male Wistar rats in 4～5 weeks (weigh rome 150 to 180 gram) of clean grade were purchased in Institute of Chinese Medicine of Shanxi. After one week adaptive feeding (five/cage), They were randomly divided into control group (Group A, n=18) and diabetes mellitus group(n=36). The control group rats were fed by normal diet (13.4kJ/g, which accounted for 10.2% of calories, fat and protein accounted for 23.3% respectively, carbohydrate accounted for 66.5%); The diabetes mellitus group rats were given high-sugar and high-fat feed (21.8kJ/g, which accounted for 56.0% of calories, fat and protein accounted for 7.0% respectively, carbohydrates accounted for 37.0%) and free access to water, at room temperature controlled at 18～22℃, relative humidity 30%-70%. Two groups of rats twice a day morning and evening feeding, daily food intake for each rat to vote for 3% of body weight. After 12 weeks, do oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The blood sugger of diabetes mellitus group above 16.7mmol/l were regard as the success of diabetes mellitus rats model. Then they were randomly divided into diabetes group (Group B, n=18) and Xuezhikang treatment group (Group C, n=18). Xuezhikang treatment group were lavaged with Xuezhikang 0.15g.kg-1,d-1 dissolved in Sodium Chloride, then the other two groups with the same volume Sodium Chloride. At weeks of 4,8 and 12, each group randomly took 6 rats, weighed body mass, measured the levels of blood glucose and TNF-a of serum, Organizational pare of the carotid artery were cut and frozen at-70℃, determine the expression of TNF-a mRNA by RT-PCR, and the other part was fixed and embedded for morphology observing. Morphological changes in carotid artery the carotid artery IMT were measured.Results:1. Plasma TNF-a increased significantly in Group B and Group C (P＜0.01).2. RT-PCR results showed that the the expression of TNF-a mRNA increased significantly in Group B and Group C (P<0.01). Compared with the Group C, plasma TNF-a increased significantly in Group B (P<0.01).3. Compared with Group A, the carotie artery intima-media thickness of Group B was higher than that of Group A (P<0.01). Compared with Group C, the carotie artery intima-media thickness increased significantly in Group B(P<0.01).4. Under light microscope, in Group B endothelial cells were spreaded disorderly. Smooth muscle cells were hyperplastic. The vessel wall of carotid artery was thicker and the lumens is incarcerated In Group C. Compared with Group A, endothelial cells were degenerative and necrotic, and the elastic membrane was ruptured in Group B and C. There was no change in Group A. Compared with Group B, those changes significantly alleviated in Group C.5. The result of lineas Correlations analyse showed:the mRNA of TNF-a in the carotid artery increases, IMT gradually increased.Conclusion:The increased TNF-a in the carotid artery significantly correlated with great vessel lesion of diabetic mellitus, hints that INF-a may participate the happen and development of great vessel of diabetic mellitus and play an important role of damnification; but Xuezhikang can lower the degree of TNF-a and play the role of protection.
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