Relationship Between Macrosomia And Adipoection And Leptin

Background and purpose:Macrosomia is the birth weight≥4000g．With the improved livingstandards in recent years, the incidence rising trend year by year, and its short and long termcomplications of serious harm to maternal and child health,by the community and the generalattention of scholars．Research on risk factors of giant children help to reduce its occurrence andadult cardiovascular,diabetes,obesity and other diseases.Present study suggests thatinsulin,insulin-like growth factor, visfatin, fibroblast growth factor, close relationship betweenhormone and the occurrence of great children．This study detected in maternal and cord bloodadiponectin and leptin levels, adiponectin and leptin gene mRNA and protein expression ofplacental tissues at the molecular, and to analyze the reasons for large children,and explore thegreat children's predictors.Methods:Cases were obtained from the Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Taiyuan duringJanuary 2008-January 2009, neonatal birth weight≥4000g, 30 patients with diabetes, 30 casesof non-diabetic, while 30 cases of newborns of normal weight were selected as the controlgroup．Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed in maternal and umbilicalfor blood adiponectin and leptin level; radioimmunoassay (RIA) were used to detect theexpression of maternal and cord blood levels of insulin; reverse transcription polymerase chainreaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting (Wester-blot) was detected in placental tissueadiponectin and leptin mRNA and protein expression．SPSS13.0 software were applicated forstatistical analysis．Results:1.GDM microsomia group of the mother plasma adiponectin levels lower than thecontrol group, the difference was significant (P <0.05), and has no correlation between birthweight (P> 0.05); cord blood adiponectin levels than normal control group was significantlylower, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and with neonatal birth weight wasnegatively correlated (P <0.05).2.GDM large group of children was significantly higher than maternal serum leptin levels innormal control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and no correlationbetween birth weight (P> 0.05); high levels of leptin in cord blood in normal controls, thedifference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and with neonatal birth weight has a positivecorrelation (P <0.05).3.NGT microsomia of the mother plasma adiponectin levels was significantly lower than thecontrol group (P <0.05), and no correlation between birth weight (P> 0.05); cord bloodadiponectin levels were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05), and neonatal birth weight showed a negative correlation (P <0.05); cord blood adiponectin levels were significantlyhigher than maternal blood, no significant correlation between the two (P> 0.05).4.NGT large group of children in maternal leptin was significantly higher than them(P <0.05),and neonatal birth weight was no significant correlation (P> 0.05); cord blood leptin levels weresignificantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05), and neonatal birth weight was a positivecorrelation (P <0.05); maternal serum leptin levels were significantly higher than cord blood (P<0.05), there was no correlation (P> 0.05).5.Placental tissue adiponectin mRNA expression levels,The GDM children group and NGTgroup were significantly lower than control group children,the difference was statisticallysignificant (P <0.05), and has a negative correlation with neonatal birth weight(P<0.05).Placental expression of leptin mRNA levels, GDM large group of children, NGT large groupwere significantly higher than control group children, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05), and were positively correlated with neonatal birth weight (P <0.05)．6.placental tissue expression of adiponectin levels in GDM large group of children and NGTlarge children were significantly lower than normal control group (P <0.05), and with neonatalbirth weight has a negative correlation (P < 0.05); GDM large group of children, NGT largegroup of children were significantly increased compared with the normal leptin protein levels,the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and was a positive correlation with neonatalbirth weight (P <0.05 .)Conclusion:1. The expression levels of adiponectin and leptin in maternal blood, cord blood andplacental tissue showed a consistent change.2. In Cord blood and placental tissue adiponectin and leptin is closely related with the greatchildren , low adiponectin and high levels of leptin may be one of the causes great children.3. In maternal the expression of leptin and adiponectin do not have great relevance with greatchildren,the fetus and placenta may be play an important role in the process of the greatchildren.