The Report Of WHO Drug Resistance Surveillance On Tuberculosis In Xinjiang

Objectives:To understand the magnitude and pattern of drug resistant tuberculosis in Xinjiang, and to evaluate the effectiveness of TB control program To provide scientific basis for formulating and revising related policies. Methods:30 clusters were randomly selected with cluster sampling method according to WHO/IUATLD "Guidelines for Drug Resistance Surveillance of Tuberculosis", the sample size for new smear positive cases was calculated as 1470, all the newly registered smear positive cases and previously treated cases during the survey period were involved and their sputum were collected for culture. All the smears and cultures were performed in county TB laboratories. When positive culture obtained, all the isolates were sent to Provincial Reference Laboratory (PRL) for Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) on INH, RFP, SM and EMB.Results:Drug susceptibility testing against INH, RFP, SM and EMB were performed in 1083 cases. The overall drug resistance, drug resistance among new cases and previously treated cases were 26.4%,25.9% and 30.7%. Resistance ranking by drug was:S(17.1%), H(11.8%), R(8.0%) and E(2.1%).the multi-drug resistance (MDR) rate was 4.2%,7.9% and 4.6% for new cases, retreated cases and overall. Conclusions:The prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis is rather high in Xinjiang, and the quality of DOTS need to be strengthened. The TB Drug Resistance Surveillance need to be done regually.