Study On Risk Factors Of Ventilator-Associated Pneunonia In Intensive Care Unit

Objective:To analyze the risk factors and the pathogen species and drug resistance of Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the respiratory intensive care unit(ICU), propose appropriate precautions of VAP and control hospital infection effectively.MethodsThe retrospective analysis were performed on the cases of patients who were treated with mechanical ventilation (MV) over 48 hours in the hospital ICU from Jan to Dec 2009 and they were grouped into two parts by with or without VAP. Then the VAP group were divided into two groups (group A, group B) according to the time of their onset; Analyze the results of sputum culture and drug resistance of VAP.Results110 patients with mechanical ventilation VAP occurred in 44 people,the incidence of VAP was 40%,in which 12 people early onset,32 late onset.Factors that affect the occurrence of VAP are divided into endogenous and exogenous factors,endogenous factors such as age, chronic lung disease, disturbance of consciousness, malnutrition, obesity,exogenous factors such as the air condition in sickroom, cross-contamination, the use of invasive procedures, mechanical ventilation, the use of acid suppression agents, and extensive use of antibiotics.30 strains of bacterias were incubated in 12 early onset VAP,43 strains of bacterias were incubated in 32 late onset VAP.Drug resistance results showed that all strains VAP had high resistance,and exist multiple drug resistance,but each straini still had relatively sensitive antibiotics.ConclusionThe incidence of VAP associated with a variety of factors, age, COPD, mechanical ventilation, mechanical ventilation mode, the number of invasive procedures, early use of antibiotics is not standard is the main risk factors, should be integrated protective measures to prevent the occurrence of VAP; VAP pathogens, including Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacteria to Gram-negative bacillus, the existence of multiple drug resistance, but there are still relatively sensitive pathogens, antibiotics, can select the appropriate antibiotic sensitivity tests, early treatment of VAP.