| Rauvolfia, which is an important medicinal plant in the tropical and subtropical regions, is the main source of reserpine for antihypertensive. Since reserpine can cause breast cancer, depression, orthostatic hypotension and other side effects, it has been gradually eliminated from the medication guide directory of hypertension. Rauvolfia decoction is still being used as a folk medicine for influenza, laryngopharyngitis and headache. Its function of heat-clearing and detoxification may be related to the water-soluble extractives of Rauvolfia. Rauvolfia verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. Hainanensis Tsiang is an endemic wild Rauvolfia in Hainan Island. Few research reports about pharmacological activity and chemical composition of R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. Hainanensis Tsiang were processed. Therefore, study of heat-clearing & detoxification and pharmacodynamic components of R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. Hainanensis Tsiang was conducted.R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. hainanensis Tsiang was taken as the research object, Antibacterial activity water-soluble fraction from Rauvolfia was screened using assay of microplate-resazurin, with it was the optimization of preparation technology. Researches of acute toxicity of antibacterial activity fraction via intravenous injection and intragastric injection for mouse were carried out. And the anti-inflammation of activity fraction for mouse ear swelling and skin capillary permeability induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, as well as for egg white-inducing rat toe swelling and formation of rat granuloma were studied. Abirritation of activity fraction for mouse writhing response induced by acetic acid was experimented. Model of rabbits fever induced by typhoid fever-paratyphoid fever Bacillus tetragenus was adopted for the consideration of anti-pyretic effects of activity fractions. To sum up the above experiments, the following conclusions can be drawn:It was confirmed that antibacterial fraction from R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. hainanensis Tsiang can be obtained when ethanol content was 70%. The inhibition rate of 1725 mg/kg dose level of the antibacterial activity fraction for 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene-inducing mouse ear swelling is 69.64%, and it can inhibit skin capillary permeability effectively and displays a significant analgesic effect. The inhibition of 1194 mg/kg dose level of this activity fraction is similar to or higher than 12.6 mg/kg dose level of aspirin for rat granuloma formation and egg white-inducing rat toe swelling. This activity fraction presented conspicuous antipyretic effect on rabbits, and showed some dose-dependent. There is a prominent antipyretic effect arisen by 701 mg/kg dose level of the activity fraction. Although the speed of antipyretic response of the activity fraction was slower than that of aspirin, it kept longer duration. Hence water-soluble activity fraction from R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. hainanensis Tsiang performed significant effects on heat-clearing & detoxification on animal.Furthermore, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, HPLC and other separation technologies were applied, combined with NMR and IR for pharmacodynamic substance from the heat-clearing & detoxification activity fraction of R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. hainanensis Tsiang. Three compounds were isolated and identified; they are reserpine, isoreserpiline and yohimbine belonging to corynantheine-strychnine monoterpene indole alkaloids. There into, for the first time isoreserpiline and yohimbine were isolated from R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. hainanensis Tsiang. As most of corynantheine-strychnine monoterpene indole alkaloids have chiral carbon atoms, they possess many pharmacological activities such as expanding blood vessels, anti-malarial, anti-virus, anti-cancer, etc. Consequently, the heat-Clearing & detoxification of R. verticillata Lour. Baill. Var. hainanensis Tsiang may be related to reserpine, isoreserpiline and yohimbine.
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