| ObjectiveAs the progress of industrialization and urbanization, air pollution is becoming serious. Particulate matter (PM) is an important pollutant which is harmful to human health, and previous studies which reported the effect of PM on human health are mainly related to respiratory, cardiovascular ,reproductive, endocrine and immune system. etc. however, there has not been the reaearch about the effect of PM on the lower urinary tract. This research aims to study whether PM affects the function of the lower urinary tract in female rats and its possible impact mechanisms through the established rat model exposed to PM.Methods80 female SD rats were randomly equally divided into two time groups,one month and three-month exposed group, then each group was randomly divided into five groups of different concentrations namely the control group, low, medium, high and super-high concentrations group,8 rats respectively. Different concentrations of PM suspension was instilled into rats through posterior pharynx .The situation of urine of rats was observed using metabolic cages after exposure ,then the urodynamic examination was carried out.At last the rats were killed , the lung and bladder is cut off for pathological examination .The level of protein and gene expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and Connnexin43 in the bladder was detected by Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.Results1,With the extension of exposure time and the increasing of exposure concentration, The amount of 24h drinking water of rats have no significant difference (p> 0.05), 24h voiding volume and 8h voiding frequency have the trend to increase, 8 h voiding frequency of super-high concentration exposure group compared with the control group increased significantly in one month group (P<0.05), 24h voiding volume of medium-concentration group was significantly higher than the control group in three- month group (P <0.05),8h voiding frequency of three-month medium ,high and super-high concentration exposure groups were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05).2,There were particles deposited in the lungs of rats,and it is much more in the super-high concentration exposure group.3,There was no significant difference in the routine examination of urine of rats.4,The phenomenon of bladder destrusor instability appeared in the urodynamic exazimination of 3-month super-high concentrations exposure group.5,The level of expression of ChAT have the trend to increase with exposure time prolonged and exposure concentrations increased, the activity of ChAT in three-month super-high concentration exposure groups was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05).6,The level of expression of Connexin43 have the trend to increase with exposure time prolonged and exposure concentrations increased, the activity of Connexin43 in three-month super-high concentration exposure groups was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05),but there was no significant difference in the level of mRNA of Connexin43Conclusions1,Success in the establishment of animal model using pharyngeal instillation of PM.2,Particulate matter affects the function of bladder in female rats, and the effect is gradually worsened with exposure time prolonged and concentrations increased.3,Particulate matter can cause the change of protein and gene expression of ChAT in the bladder of rats4,Particulate matter can cause the change of protein and gene expression of Connexin43 in the bladder of rats 5,Particulate matter affects the expression of ChAT in bladder may a mechanism what PM affects the function of lower urinary tract.6,Particulate matter affects the expression of Connexin43 in bladder may a mechanism what PM affects the function of lower urinary tract.7,It may affect the function of the lower urinary tract if people Long-term exposure to super-high concentrations of particulate matter, and it might be one of the reasons of the female lower urinary tract dysfunction. |
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