The Expression Of AQP9 And Its Significance In Human Hepatic Carcinoma

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in the world, with its high morbidity and a high degree of malignant behavior is known. It has been the second main cause of cancer mortality in China.With the improvements of the hepatic technology and the imaging technology of the liver, and the increased experiences of the perioperative management,The treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was markedly improved,but, the overall prognosis of patients is still not satisfying.The actual 5-year recurrence rate following hepatectomy is still up to 35%-75%. The reasons for the high degree of malignancy of HCC are in general as followed:the rich blood supply around the foci; rapid progression of the tumor; in the early tumor cells are prone to intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic micrometastases;or the form of portal tumor thrombus, combined operation sometimes can not cut the total foci thoroughly;surgical procedures may also cause iatrogenic liver metastasis, less sensitive to chemotherapy drugs after the operation. Therefore, if we want to treat the hepatocellular carcinoma better and more thorough, we need more time to understand all aspects and all of the process control of HCC to find a breakthrough.Molecular biology of tumor cells is emerging in recent years, it is about to research the mechanism of tumor in genetic and molecular level hrough a variety of modern molecular biology techniques, it reveals the mutations in genomic DNA, the abnormal expression of gene transcription following the change of epigenetics, and the disorder of cell signal transduction. It is also to find the differences between tumor cells and normal cells in these areas, use them for diagnosis, treatment and research and/or development of new antineoplastic drugs, to maximize the possibility of the early diagnosis of tumors and the cure of the primary tumor. Recently, molecular biology of tumor inferred that water channel proteins (aquaporins, AQPs) may be new player in the survival, invasion and metastasis of the tumor cell.Present study has been found that the water channel proteins (aquaporins, AQPs) are widely present in the membrane with the water permeability,in mammalian cells they have a variety of widely distributed. It has been found that there are 13 members (named AQP0～12)in the AQPs family, of which AQP9 has a unique transport activity:in addition to water transport activity, but also on many other non-charged neutral substances such as urea, polyols, purine, pyrimidine, urea, etc. Also including the commonly used anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil. Therefore, this experimental study chooses hepatocellular carcinoma as our object,using immunohistochemistry, and Western blot methods to compare the different expression of aquaporin 9 (AQP9) beteen human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and normal liver tissue and to analyze the initial significance between them.Methods1. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the distribution and expression of AQP9 in HCC and non-HCC tissueExperiment was classified into two groups:experimental group(n=42) and control group(n=42), paraffin sections were harvested. Using immun-ohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the distribution and expression of AQP9 in two groups;2. Using western blot (WB) to detect the expression of AQP9 in HCC and non-HCC tissue semi-quantitatively;3.To record the.clinicopathological parameters of all the 42 patients,and their results of pathology;4. By using statistics analysis,to detect the different expression of aquaporin 9 between the two groups, whether associated with clinicopa-thological parameters or not.Results1. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) can detect the expression of AQP9 in the two groups;2. Using western blot (WB) can also detect the expression of AQP9 in the two groups;3.The high expression rate of AQP9 in non-HCC tissues is 73.81% (31/42),respectively 40.48%(17/42) in HCC tissues, The former is significantly higher than the later;4. The statistics analysis showed that the expression of aquaporin 9 between gradeⅠ-ⅡHCC tissue and gradeⅢ-ⅣHCC tissue have a statistical significance.Conclusion1. The expression of AQP9 can be detected in both non-HCC tissues and HCC tissues;2. The expression of AQP9 in non-HCC tissue is significantly higher than its expression in HCC tissue;3. The expression of AQP9 in gradeⅠ-ⅡHCC tissue is also higher than its expression in gradeⅢ-ⅣHCC tissue;...