The Expression Level Of IL-4,IL-6 And IFN-γ In The Placentas Of Preeclampsia Patients

Objective:To explore the pathophysiological mechanisms of preelampsia, the expression of T helper cell cytokines, IL-4,IL-6 and IFN-γ,on the maternal surface and the fetal surface of human placentas from patients with preelampsia and women with normotensive late pregnancy (NLP) were investigated.Methods:Select preeclampsia patients (40 cases) and normal pregnancy (20 cases) as a study group and control group in this study. The expression of Thl cytokines [interferon-γ(IFN-γ)] and Th2 cytokines [interleukin-4,6 (IL-4,IL-6)] on the maternal surface and the fetal surface of placentas were detected by immunohistochemistry method. Furthermore,multi-function precise color-image measure system was used for dyeing results and comparison for quantitative detection.Result:(1) On the maternal surface of placental, the average optical densities of IFN-γexpressing in trophocytes in severe preelampsia group (0.2688±0.0278) were significantly higher than those of NLP group (0.2075±0.0154) (P<0.001). The expression of IFN-γin severe preelampsia (0.2034±0.0148) was significantly higher than those in slight preelampsia (P<0. 001);The average optical densities of IL-6 expressing in trophocytes in severe preelampsia group(0.1579±0.0070) were significantly lower than those of NLP group(0.1862±0.0127) (P<0. 001). The expression of IL-6 in slight preelampsia (0.1864±0.0009)was significantly higher than those in severe preelampsia(P<0.001));The difference between the average optical densities of IL-4 expressing in trophocytes in preelampsia group (0.2002±0.0164) with those of NLP group (0.2011±0.0124) has no statistical significance (P>0.05). (2) On the fetal surface of placental, whether IFN-γor IL-6,IL-4, the difference between the average optical densities of cytokines expressing in trophocytes in preelampsia group (0.2039±0.0147,0.1864±0.0104,0.2013±0.0156) with those of NLP group (0.2028±0.0148,0.1856±0.0109,0.2030±0.0115) has no statistical significance(P>0.05). (3) In severe preelampsia group, whether IFN-γor IL-6,the difference between the average optical densities of cytokines expressing in trophocytes on the maternal surface of placental with those on the fetal surface has statistical significance(P<0.05); The difference between the average optical densities of IL-4 expressing in trophocytes on the maternal surface of placental with those on the fetal surface has no statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusion:On the maternal surface of placental, the expression levels of IL-6 and IFN-γin trophocytes of three group are different. The expression of IFN-γ(Th1 cytokines) in pregnancy of severe preelampsia are higher than of the normal pregnancy, while IL-6 (Th2 cytokines) are reversely. On the fetal surface of placental, the changes of the IFN-γ/IL-6 of preelampsia group are not significant compare with of the normal pregnancy.