Mechanism Of Apoptosis And Related Gene Cspase-3, NF-κB, VEGF Involed In The Generation Of Traumatic Wet Lung

Objective:This study was to investigate the different expression of Caspase-3, NF-κB and VEGF in normal lung tissue and traumatic wet lung, analysis the role of the alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in the generation and development of traumatic wet lung, and effectually provide the experimental evidence for in the future the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of traumatic wet lung in future clinic.Methods:Among 58 cases of autopsy lung tissue,13 cases were identified as normal lung tissue, the other were pathological lung. After HE and light microscopy, these tissues were divided into control group (13 cases), light traumatic wet lung group (21 cases) and severe traumatic wet lung group (24 cases). The light traumatic wet lung with unobvious alveolar capillary wall expansion were characterized by mild damage in alveolar and capillary, less alveolar and interstitial exudate, no interstitial pulmonary edema, a small amount of inflammatory cells exudation. The extent of lesions accounted for less than 50%. It could find heavier alveolar and capillary damage, alveolar wall rupture and apparent dilated capillaries in the severe traumatic wet lung. Addition, there are more alveolar and interstitial exudates, markedly interstitial pulmonary edema. Necrosis of alveolar epithelial cells, a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced parenchymal gas and significantly increased extravascular water content were also found in the severe traumatic wet lung, of which the extent of lesions accounted for more than 50%. The experimental skill of Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of Caspase-3, NF-κB, VEGF in experimental lung tissue, and then alveolar epithelial cells of the groups in different situations were also compared. The results were statistically analyzed using the rank sum test and nonparametric rank correlation test.Results:It found that there is almost no expression of Caspase-3 in normal lung tissue, while it exhibited a increasing expression in the traumatic wet lung, and the expression in severe traumatic wet lung were higher than light traumatic wet lung(P＜0.05). As to NF-κB, it doesn't express in normal lung tissue. It exhibited a higher expression in the traumatic wet lung. And the expression in severe traumatic wet lung is higher than the other, which mainly expressed in the alveolar macrophages and few in endothelial cells(P＜0.05). VEGF in the light of traumatic wet lung was express more than that of severe traumatic wet lung, mainly in alveolar macrophages, few in endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells (P＜0.05).Conclusions:(1) The expression of NF-κB in traumatic wet lung was positive correlation with the expression of Caspase-3 (r=0.754, P<0.05), which suggested that NF-κB may promote the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cell.(2) The expression of VEGF in traumatic wet lung was negative correlation with the expression of Caspase-3 (r= -0.754, P＜0.05), suggesting that of VEGF might play the inhibitive effect in alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis.(3) The apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells played an important role in, which may prompt the generation of the traumatic wet lung.