| In recent years, with the social and economic development, improvement of living standards and acceleration of population aging process, the distribution of diseases, death causes in China are changing. Chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) have become increasingly severe, prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing rapidly, and the chronic diseases have become the main cause of death of residents in China. They brought out serious social and economic burden, and became the important factor of poverty, and affect the family and society.Compared with cities, recently, the prevalence of chronic diseases in rural residents increased more rapidly. According to China National Nutrition and Health Survey data in 2002, the prevalence of chronic diseases was 19.3% in urban, and 18.6% in rural areas, therefore the difference between urban and rural areas is no longer significant. Because of indifferent health conscious, lack of medical knowledge, health services and medical security level is relatively backward, awareness of chronic disease among rural residents, treatment and control rates is lower, and non-standard treatment and disease control errand of chronic diseases have more serious impact on the health of rural residents.Also, for the relative low level income of medical care of rural residents, the economic burden of chronic diseases is heavier. Rural residents are more likely to fall into the family of chronic diseases and the economic crisis. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to carry out chronic disease prevention and control activities in rural areas. Health promotion has been recognized by the World Health Organization and many contries as the most economic and efficient strategies for prevention and control of chronic diseases. Through the study on target subjects, those who face adverse social factors on health and beyond the control of their behaviors are identified, and targeted strategies are made to ensure effective health promotion activities.This study aims to study rural residents in Dongying City, chronic diseases and their related knowledge and analysis of behavioral risk factors, identify the characteristics of rural residents and the influencial factors of chronic diseases affecting the knowledge and behavioral risk factors, socioeconomic factors, find targeted groups to interfere with proper health promotion approaches, finally propose solutions and suggestions to enhance the level of health knowledge in rural residents and promote the healthy behavior, lower chronic disease, improve control rates, therefore to improve the overall health.The stratified cluster random sampling method is used to select sample. Sample involved in Dongying City, three counties (Guangrao County, Kenli County, Lijin County),9 towns (streets),36 villages. In each sample village (neighborhood committees) 60 was randomly selected,2160 were taken in total. The target of the survey sample of households is a total of 7079 people. Questionare is used to collect the data. All survey data is unicoded and sorted by Social Medicine and Health Management Research Institute at the Shandong University. After checking the data, SPSS16.0 software is used for statistical analysis.This survey include:i) Demographic characteristics of the sample population, socio-economic characteristics, personal characteristics, behavioral characteristics of life and medical insurance; ii) Chronic disease of residents in rural areas; iii) The situation of rural residents concerned about the health knowledge and behavior; iv) Behavioral risk factors in rural living conditions.This study first adopted descriptive analysis to study on the basic situation of the rural population, the prevalence of chronic diseases, concerns of health care knowledge and behavior and behavioral risk factors of life, then used x2 tests for statistical hypothesis testing. Moreover, combined with professional knowledge of the possible chronic diseases and the relative health care knowledge and behavior as well as behavioral risk factors of life factors, single variable analysis is used, followed by the multivariate Logistic regression model to explore the influencial factors.The main results are as follows:â… . The survey objects have regional differences.â…¡. Rural population prevalence of chronic diseases increased with age; the prevalence rate is among the highest in primary and lower education level; disregard of the age factor, the prevalence is relatively higher among unemployment.â…¢. Proportion of rural residents concerned about health care system:the ratio is higher among the high-income groups; it increased with the improvement of education level.â…£. Behavioral risk factors of life of rural residents:i) Smoking rate for men was significantly higher than female; smoking rates increased with age, decreased with education leve; it is highest among middle-income groups. ii) The frequency of physical exercise increases with higher income groups; it is higher in men than in women; it increased and improved with age and education level; it is higher among the people who have regular access to health knowledge. iii) Rural residents in Dongying city still eat wheat grains as the main meal, and their food structure is not reasonable, in that the intake of fruit, milk is insufficient while the intake of legumes, oils, cereals, salt is too much. High alcohol consumption rate is significantly higher in men than women; generally increased with age; the highest rates high-frequency drinking is among primary and lower education.Recommendation:â… . Strengthen the organization and establishment of rural communities to carry out population-based health promotion activities. â…¡. Strengthen the special population health promotion activities, in particular, women, the low income, the low education level and the elderly.â…¢. Improve targeted health promotion activities within special group.â…£.Reform and improve the primary health care institutions and health professionals'assessment, compensation mechanisms and improve their initiative of health promotion services.â…¤. First conduct the "small-scale, high intensity" pilot study and then improve and extend the experience. |
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