Study On Extraction And Purification And The Physical-Chemical Property Of Collagen From Rhopilema Esculentum

The Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye, a kind of widely distributed in neritic Cyphozoa, belongs to Coelenterata phylum, whose mesogloea is mainly composed of collagen. Collagen with abundant content of glycine, proline, hydroxyproline is the main protein of Extracellular Matrix(ECM), which is the major fibrous element of skin, bone, tendon, cartilage, blood vessels, and teeth, and has a unique"Gly-X-Y"structure and three-dimensional structure. Because of its special biologicalproperties of low-antigenicity, easy-biodegradability and excellent biocompatity, collagen has been widely used in medical treatments, health care, food processing, cosmetics and other industrials.In this paper, the components of Rhopilema esculentum were firstly researched, and extraction yield of collagen was regarded as an index to research on preparation of collagen from Rhopilema esculentum. Several factors were determined through single factor test and the craft condition of collagen from Rhopilema esculentum was optimized. The result shows that the best craft condition was acetic as the best acid, enzymatic addition 1 %, acid addition 150 %, acidolysisi time 48 h.Through salting-out and CM-52 ion-exchange chromatography, the crude collagen was purified.The collagen sample obtained was examined by SDS-PAGE and found it contains two differentαchains,α1 andα2 andβchain, showing the typical patterns of a type I collagen with the bands ofα1,α2 andβcomponent. The molecular weight ofа1 andа2 were about 116 KD and 97 KD respectively. The collagen fibrils from Rhopilema esculentum exhibited a maximum absorbance at 235 nm, which were similar to typical type I collagen.The properties of collagen were researched on with viscosity, and thermo-denaturation temperature (Td) as indexes. It showed that viscosity of collagen solution was increased with the rise of its concentration and storage time and decline with the rise of its cotemperature. The relationship between pH and viscosity is complex, Td of collagen was 28.3℃.The amino acid composition of collagens from Rhopilema esculentum showed Glycine was the most abundant amino acid in these amino acids (about 1/3). The contents of Pro and Hyp were 8.38 % and 6.33% respectively.The emulsification capability and stability of collagen was 59.5 % and 63.6 % respectively, when the concentration of collagen solution was 0.4 %.The increase of emulsification capability of collagen was remarkable, but emulsification stability of collagen was unremarkable when the concentration of collagen solution exceeded 0.2 %. The emulsifieation capability and emulsification stability achieved the max 47.2 % and 59 % at pH 7.0.The hygroscopicity of collagen was 12.58 % in R.H 43 % ,which was 17.64 % in R.H 81 %.