| [Objiective] The aim of this study was to develop the model of atherosclerotic rabbits, to observe the expression of immune factors such as IgG, IgM, C3, macrophage and IFN-γin atherosclerosis(AS) and to indicate that the immune reaction is one of the mechanisms of the atherosclerotic progress and development. At the same time, to observe the influence of tea polyphenols(TP) on the experiment animals, and initially explore the antiatherosclerotic effect of TP and the possible mechanisms.[Methods] 40 male Newzealand White Rabbits were devided into 5 groups: normal control group(NC), atherosclerosis control group(AS), low dose of TP group(LTP), high dose of TP group(HTP), Simvastatin group(Sim), 8 rabbits in each group. The models of AS rabbits were developed high-lipid feeding, then given placebo, TP or simvastatin intervention. The blood lipid was detected, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the infiltration of macrophage, IgG ,IgM and IFN-γin atherosclerotic plaque lesions, ELISA was used to detect the change of C3 in serum and tissue homogenate of plaque lesions. The SPSS software package was used to analyse the data. The value of p<0.05 was statistically considered significant.[Results]1. The blood lipid(TC, TG, LDL-c, HDL-c) of AS group is higher than NC group(p<0.05). High and low dose of TP could depress the level of TC and LDL-c of AS rabbits(p<0.05), the decreasing amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05), but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group. High and low dose of TP could heighten the level of HDL-c of AS rabbits(p<0.05), the heightening amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group (p<0.05).2. The endomembranes of aortic arch and thoracic aorta in AS group are overlaid by large area AS plaques, however, there are not plaques in NC group. High and low dose of TP and simvastatin could diminish the area of plaque lesions(p<0.05), the diminishing amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05),but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group.3. In comparison with other groups, the aortic tunica intima thickness and the intima/medium thickness ratio(I/M) were stronger in AS group(p<0.05).The intima thickness and I/M in HTP group, LTP group and Sim group were stronger than which in NC group(p<0.05). High and low dose of TP could diminish the intima thickness, the diminishing amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05), but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group.4. There are a lot of infiltrating macrophages in AS plaques in the AS group, but no macrophage in vessel walls in NC group(p<0.05).High and low dose of TP could inhibit the infiltration of macrophages in plaques(p<0.05), the inhibiting amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05), but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group.5. There are large quantity of expressing immune complex(IC) of IgG in AS plaques in the AS group, but no IC of IgG in vessel walls in NC group(p<0.05). High and low dose of TP could inhibit the expression of the IC of IgG, the inhibiting amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05),but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group.6. It could see that sporadic coloration in AS plaques in the AS group, but there is no coloration in other groups. There was no statistical significance for the difference in the expression of the IC of IgM between different groups.7. There are large quantity of expressing Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) in AS plaques in the AS group, but no INF-γin vessel walls in NC group(p<0.05). High and low dose of TP could inhibit the expression of IFN-γ, the inhibiting amplitude in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05), but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group. 8. There were large quantity of expressing complement 3 in serum and tissue homogenate in the AS group, which was stronger than which in NC group(p<0.05). High and low dose of TP and simvastatin could diminish complement 3 in serum and tissue homogenate of rabbits(p<0.05).The diminishing amplitude of complement 3 in HTP group is more than LTP group(p<0.05), but there were no difference between HTP group and Sim group.[Conclusions]1. Immune reaction is is one of the mechanisms of the atherosclerotic progress and development. Including deposition of immune complex(IC) and complement in AS plaques, infiltration of immune cells in vessel wall, synthesis of immune mediators in circulation and AS plaques.2. Tea polyphenols(TP) could depress the level of the serum TC and LDL-c of AS rabbits, the area of plaques, the intima/medium thickness ratio and the content of collagen fibers. TP posseses anti- atherosclerosis effect.3. Tea polyphenols(TP) posseses anti-atherosclerosis effect, which has relationship with inhibiting the deposition of the IC of IgG, the infiltration of macrophage, the expression of IFN-γand the expression of C3 in AS plaques and serum.
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