The Expression Of Caveolin-1 Protein In Acute Leukemia And Its Relationship With Bcl-2 Protein

ObjectiveThis study investigated the caveolin-1 protein in patients with acute leukemia, and its relationship with bcl-2 protein.MethodsDetected caveolin-1 protein and bcl-2 protein by flow cytometry in 70 cases of patients with acute leukemia when newly diagnosed, remission after induced chemotherapy,relapsed.Researched the relevance of the expression level of caveolin-1 protein and bcl-2 protein,and the relationship between the level of caveolin-1 protein expression and the clinical characteristics of patients.In the same way,detected caveolin-1 protein in 10 cases of normal hematopoietic cells as a control.Results1)The positive expression rate(0.94±0.84)% and fluorescence intensity mean(71.34±22.41) of caveolin-1 protein in acute leukemia patients of the untreated group (70 cases),were respectively lower than the positive expression rate(77.50±1.76)% and fluorescence intensity mean (289.87±7.92) of caveolin-1 protein of the normal control group(10 cases)(P<0.01);Compared with those of the untreated group respectively,the positive expression rate(1.60±1.01)% and fluorescence intensity mean(154.59±22.13) of caveolin-1 protein of the remission group(38 cases) after induced chemotherapy had increased (P<0.01);Compared with those of the remission group respectively,the positive expression rate(0.87±0.69)% and fluorescence intensity mean(90.99±41.16) of caveolin-1 protein of the refractory and recurrence group(6 cases) had decreased(P<0.05),but were not different from those of the untreated group respectively(P>0.05).2) Neither positive expression rate nor fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein was different among any type(MIC type)of untreated acute leukemia patients: AML group, ALL group and acute biphenotypic leukemia(P>0.05).In acute myeloid leukemia,neither positive expression rate nor fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein was also different among M1 group,M2 group,M3 group and M4/M5 group(P>0.05).In B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia, neither positive expression rate nor fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein was distinctive among pro-B-ALL group,pre-B-ALL group and mature B-ALL group (P>0.05).3) In untreated group of acute leukemia(70 cases),the positive expression rate and fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein respectively had no correlation with those of bcl-2 protein(P>0.05). In acute leukemia before and after induced chemotherapy remission,the difference of the positive expression rate and fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein also had no relationship with those of bcl-2 protein respectively(P>0.05).4) In acute leukemia, the positive expression rate and fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein respectively had negative correlation with the proportion of the original bone marrow cells(P<0.05),whose rs values were respectively -0.28, -0.25, but were not correlated with the number of peripheral white blood cells,the proportion of the original cells in peripheral blood, the number of the superficial lymph node groups(P>0.05).In untreated acute leukemia, neither positive expression rate nor fluorescence intensity mean of caveolin-1 protein was different among low-risk group,mid-risk group,high-risk groups(P>0.05).ConclusionWe could detect caveolin-1 protein in primary acute leukemia cells by flow cytometry.The expression level of caveolin-1 protein of Acute leukemia in the untreated group,is significantly lower than that in normal control group,and increased after remission of induction chemotherapy,but decreased when relapsed; In acute leukemia when newly diagnosed the expression level of caveolin-1 protein was negatively correlated with the proportion of the original bone marrow cells,but not with the number of peripheral white blood cells,the proportion of the original cells in peripheral blood. These results suggest that caveolin-1 protein may be a negatively regulatory factor for the leukemia incidence and an indicator to determine therapeutic efficacy.That the expression level of caveolin-1 protein in various types(MIC type) of acute leukemia had no significant difference,suggests that caveolin-1 protein may be not a indicator for differential diagnosis of MIC subtypes of acute leukemia. The expression level of caveolin-1 protein and bcl-2 protein had no significant correlation before and after remission of induction chemotherapy in acute leukemia, suggests that caveolin-1 protein does't have the pro-apoptotic role by interfering bcl-2 protein.