| ObjectiveArtificial total temporomandibular joint is very effective to patients whose temporomandibular joint is disordered by illness such as tumor,trauma,or ankylosis. By implanting artificial temporomandibular joint into the goat that is used in the experiment,we establish a animal experiment model to further discuss the stability and practicality of artificial temporomandibular joint total replacement.Materials and MethodsSix healthy mature goats,seventy-eight titanium screws each has a length of eight millimeter and a diameter of one point six millimeter,six pair of new titanium temporomandibular joint prosthesis,six titanium plates have a depth of two millimeter. One side of the goat's temporomandibular joint replaced by prosthesis and the degree of the combination between screw and bone which is used for stability as experimental group(divide into Infratemporal fossa group and Ramus of mandible group),put a titanium plate in another side of the goat's temporomandibular joint,and the degree of the combination between screw and bone which is used for stability as comparison.At each four,eight,twelve weeks after the operation,carry out:1.HE staining for screw and bone interface tissue study 2.Scanning electron microscope observation of screw and bone interface 3.Mechanical testing of screw and bone interface 4.Chemical testing of screw and bone interface.Finally statistically analyze the data of the obtained indicators. Results1.HE stainingFour weeks after the operation,screw and bone interface of experimental group have fiber tissue,some Osteoblasts and Osteoclast can be seen at certain areas;some Osteoblasts and a few Osteoclast have be seen in the interface of comparative group. Eight weeks after the operation,the fiber tissue and a large of Osteoblasts,Osteoid in both groups has gone.Twelve weeks after the operation,a few fiber tissues and a large of Osteoblasts,Osteoid can be seen in both group.2.Scanning electron microscope observationScanning electronic microscope observation show that the experimental group is seen as the basically same as the comparative group in the interface.Four weeks after the operation,there is collagen fiber in the screw and bone interface,and only little new bone is formed.Eight weeks after the operation,there is great granular bone deposition, but still some fiber tissue can be seen.Twelve weeks after the operation,basically there is bone connection at the area of screw and bone interface from both groups,with little fiber tissue around.3.Screw and bone interface shearing forcethe shearing force of the Infratemporal fossa group at four,eight,twelve weeks are respectively(135.95±23.53)N,(181.17±22.34)N,(202.64±21.10)N;the shearing force of the Ramus of mandible group at four,eight,twelve weeks are respectively (158.43±19.62)N,(191.35±21.06)N,(215.87±17.92)N;the shearing force of the comparative group at four,eight,twelve weeks are respectively(175.30±12.10)N, (203.73±19.59)N,(222.53±20.97)N.The biggest shearing force from Infratemporal fossa group and the comparative group has statistical differences at four weeks, however,the biggest shearing force from Ramus of mandible group and the comparative group has no statistical differences at four weeks;at eight and twelve weeks,the biggest shearing force from Infratemporal fossa group and the comparative group has no statistical meaning,also,the biggest shearing force from Ramus of mandible group and the comparative group has no statistical meaning too.4.Alkaline Phosphatase activity testingAlkaline Phosphatase activity of the interface of the screw and bone of Infratemporal fossa group at four,eight,twelve weeks are respectively(7.553±0.639), (18.713±2.412),(22.258±3.821);Alkaline Phosphatase activity of the interface of Ramus of mandible group at four,eight,twelve weeks are respectively(8.640±0.720), (18.766±2.363),(22.330±3.369);Alkaline Phosphatase activity of the interface of the plantation screw and bone from the comparative group at four,eight,twelve weeks are respectively(8.915±0.802),(19.025±2.068),(23.302±2.455).The ALP activity margin from Infratemporal fossa group and the comparative group has statistical differences at four weeks,however,the ALP activity margin from Ramus of mandible group and the comparative group has no statistical differences at four weeks;at eight and twelve weeks,ALP activity margin from Infratemporal fossa group and the comparative group has no statistical meaning,also,ALP activity margin from Ramus of mandible group and the comparative group has no statistical meaning too.ConclusionTemporomandibular joint total replacement can get favorable stability.
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