| PurposeAsarum is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in clinics. However, the problem of its usage and dosage is often Controversial,which have always perplexed the TCM academic circles and clinical practitioners. Its clinical application and curative effect has been limited in a large degree for a long period.In recent years, the research on Asarum's toxicity has been done with some improvement. It is initially proved that Asarum can not only effect the respiratory system and nervous system, but also do harm to the important organs such as liver, kidney and heart. Through the method of animal laboratory, our research is deeply done on the long term toxicity of Asarum' s effect on the morphology and function of the renal. The research is to provide scientific basis to use Asarum safely and effectively in clinical circle.Method120 SD rats are randomly divided into 4 groups, including low dosage, middle dosage, high dosage of Asarum and normal control group. Each group has 30 rats. The research is studied from the following two aspects:1.Morphology: The kidneys will be taken out on time after the medicine-feeding period and convalecent period, fixed by formaldehyde, wrapped and sliced by paraffin, dyed by HE, to observe the long term toxicity of Asarum' s effect on the morphology of the SD rats' kidneys.2. Founction: Full-automatic biochemistry analyzer is used to detect the 4 groups' animals of both the medicine-feeding period and convalecent period to analyze the effect of the long term toxicity of Asarum on the SD rats' kidneys.Result1. General situation: In the medicine-feeding period, there are some rats of the middle dosage group and hige dosage group tachpnea, convul,lassitiude and become less active than before. From the outward appearance some rats appear depressive with the anaerobious symptoms of slightly deep purplish auricle and purple tongue, and their random furs are unpolished. In each group the weight and feeding increase gradually in different degree and speed as the experiment time goes. The results of the reseach show that compared to the normal control group , the weight and feeding of the high dosage group in the medicine-feeding period and the convalecent period decrease obviously ( P<0.01 ) except for the feeding of the high dosage group in the medicine-feeding period is obviously lower than the normal control group (P<0. 05 ) .This tell us that it has obvious effect on the diet and weight of rats if taking Asarum largely for a long time.2. tissue morphology: Through the detection of the morphology, there are different degree pathological change in the low, middle and high dosage groups. Light only see a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. In more severe cases, it can be seen that a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration with fibrous tissue hyperplasia and obvious organize congestion. The main features of the renal damage from Asarum is inflammatory infiltration with fibroustissue hyperplasia in different degree and obvious organize congestion. On The impact of renal tissue morphology from Asarum, the degree of impairment is closely related with the dosage.That is to say, smaller the dose, lighter the lesions; the other hand, the extent of lesions is serious.3. Renal fuction: BUN and Scr of the rats of the medicine group have no obvious difference compared to the normal control group (P>0. 05) .That means it has no obvious effects on BUN and Scr of rats to take Asarum largely for a long time. This may be due to these two indicators of renal fuction: BUN and Scr which we select remain normal in the early stages of impaired renal fuction when impaired kidney glomerulars are no more than 50 percent. This means that the renal fuction has damaged in a relatively light degree.Furthermore, researches suggest that there is little AA in the roots and rhizomes of Asarum. so damages to the kidney are light, which maybe one of the reasons why the two indicators BUN and Scr of the rats in medicine-feeding groups have not obvious difference as contrasted to the normal control group.It is noteworthy, contrasted to the medicine-feeding period The results of Scr of the high dosage group in the convalescent period obviously reduce,and the results of BUN decrease very obviously. This suggest that the renal fuction of the SD rats improve after the Asarum root powders are removed. In the convalescent period the condition of hurts are markedly improved. The rats in low dosage group recover. The rats of the middle and high dosage group become better, and only inflammatory cell infiltration can be seen. Thus we can say hurts to the rats from Asarum are reversible. It means that there are no delayed toxicity reactions can be observed.Conclusion1. The diet and weight of rats are influenced after taking Asarum for a long time, the effect manifests in the decrease of the diet and the loss of the weight.2. The long term usage of Asarum with high dosage will lead to renal damage whose characteristic is renal tubular necrosis with inflammatory infiltration and fibroustissue hyperplasia fibroplasia in different degree.3. The influce of the renal morphology and function dependence on dosage in the reseach of long term toxicity of Asarum. Lower dosage , lighter hurt. As the dosage increases, its influence becomes server gradully.4. The influence of Asarum on rats' renal morphology and founction is a reversible injury.Two weeks after the medicine are removed, the renal function obviously improve, and the injury of the renal morphology also lessens.
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