Study On The Chemical Constituents And Pharmacognosy Of Stephania Epigaea

Stephania epigaea Lo belonging to Stephania Lour of Menispermaceae,which is mainly distributed in the southwest and southeast of Yunnan Province and grows up on the limestone in the damp and hot river valley.It locals name is Stephania cepharantha Hayata,Meloe coarctatus and pricelessetc.It belongs to StephaniacepharanthaHayata subgenus of Stephania L.in the plant taxonomy and is an abundant resource.Many kinds of alkaloids,such as Cepharanthine,Cycleanine, isocorydine and L-Curine,can be gained from this plant.Cepharanthine plays a role for instancing anti-tuberculosis,antibacterial,anti-leprosy,anti-tumor,elevating the concentration of white blood cell and promoting immunologic function.So cepharanthine has been listed in pharmaceutical standard Q/WS 575-1978 of Yunnan Province,and its drug is troche.Cycleanine contributes to anti-SARS,anti-silicosis,allaying a fever the analgesia and relaxing muscle.In the study,the pharmacognosy of Stephania epigaea Lo and the chemical constituents using the technology of extraction total alkaloids,TLC chromatograph and HPLC fingerprint were researched..Stephania epigaea Lo microscopic feature:1.Tender stem feature:①The epidermis cell which is covered with horny substance row one, and have nonglandular hair with blowhole and single cell.②the upper epidermis cell have thick tissue which is composed of 2-4 row thick cell,microwave arranges as a ring.③finite collateral vasvder bundle phloem is divide into two wheels,each bundle is surrounded by 1-2 rows fiber formed Vascular bundle sheath.④the oueside bundle has fairly small,the most of them embed in thick tissues.⑤the inside bundle has rather big,its primary xylem present "V" shape.Protoxylem's pipe has been destroyed in the solit process.The cell of thin wall around it has separated each other, formed an air gap.In the two arms of the "V",there is a later growing large-size pipe.The phloem is outside of the xylem,between these there is 1-2 row thick cells.⑥the middle and inside of the tender stem is composed of thin wall cell.Soon afterwards the center and the thin wall cell near the phloem have been differentiated turn into xylem.So the whole hardness of the stem has further increased.2.Root tuber's feature:Cross-section is wide,cork layer is composed of about 10 row cork cell, a slightly present rectangle,tangential is prolongation,the layer thin wall cell is irregular shape,and some of the cell contains few little prismatic crystal or short column crystalcystal of ca.ox.There are singlen or 2-4 stone cell group near the inside of cork cell,and many starch granule in the cell,few cell contains 1-2 prismatic crystal.The middle column occupy the most of the root,havetertiary structure.The mostly collateral vasvder abnormal vascular bundle arranges 2-4 concentric circularity,the center has normal bundle.There are most xylon and a little tracheid near the xylem vessel which are radiated arrange.And many starch granule and prismatic crystal in the thin wall cell.Extraction process of total alkaloids using the orthogonal design law and taking the total alkaloids extraction rate as the inspection target,the ethyl alcohol concentration,the menstruum ratio,the ultrasonic wave extraction time and the backflow time were analyzed to define the determination optimum extraction craft:75%ethyl alcohol,the menstruum ratio(the ethyl alcohol-Stephania epigaea Lo) is 1:2,supersonic extraction 60 min firstly and the backflow extraction 1 h later,the backflow extraction 2 times.Identification and content determination of alkaloid TLC method on the chloroform extract of Stephania epigaea Lo was used while pharmacognosy was identified.Taking silica gel G as the fixed phase and the benzene - chloroform - methyl alcohol - ammonia(85:5:10:2) as the developing solvent,3 detachment points were obtained;According to comparison of spot shape,color and Rf value between Cepharanthine and Cycleanin,it may be judged that initially Stephania epigaea Lo includes the same alkaloid with the comparison.Then using the RP-HPLC based on TLC analysis about Stephania epigaea Lo,and thinking of chromatograph condition for flowing,methyl alcohol-water -triethylamine(77:23:0.20),flow speed(1.0mL.min-1),ultraviolet examination wave (282nm),sensitivity(0.08Aufs),column warm(30℃),Specimen handling quantity(20uL),the concentration of Cepharanthine and Cycleanine respectively were 3.57mg/g and 2.31mg/g.In view of the fact that reports on Stephania epigaea Lo are really few domestic and foreign, the method and result on pharmacognosy and chemical composition of Stephania epigaea Lo were introduced roundly.It will provide certain reference value for the scientific researcher on the Stephania L.and the similar plants.