The Protective Effect Of Several Ginsenosides On Cyclophosphamide And X-ray Damaged Mice

Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy is the most common treatment of cancer in modern time. Since the radioactive and most of the Chemotherapy medicine aim at the rapidly generated cells, and performed low specificity, at the same time it cures the cancer, it kills the normal cells (especially the haemopoietic stem cell). Severe myelosuppression and peripheral blood cells decreasing always cause the cure of cancer. What's worse, the peripheral blood cells decreasing can cause serious complication such as the infection, fever, and bleeding, et al. So to improve cancer treatment efficacy and reduce the postoperative recurrence, we must find a cheap and effective drug to treat the myelosuppression.Ginseng (Radix ginseng) is the traditional Chinese medicine. Through the research in Ginseng recently, there are a lot of active component, such as Saponin, carbohydrate, alkaloids, amino acids, polypeptide, vitamins, microelement and enzyme, etc. Ginsenoside is the main componen, and it can be divided into three part by the chemcial constitution of its aglycone: Panaxadiol Saponin, Panaxtrol Saponin and oleanolic acid Saponin. Ginsenoside Rb1 belong to Panaxadiol Saponin, and Ginsenoside Re and Rg1 belong to Panaxtrol Saponin. The research indicated that ginsenoside have a significant role in many fields, such as learning and memory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-aging and strengthen immune function, et al. And the effect on hemogram and haematogenesis has also been reported.This experiment is divided into two parts,seperatedly observe the protective effect of Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 cyclophosphamide and X-rays damaged mice.Object: To observe the therapeutic effect of Ginsenoside Rb1,Re,Rg1 on cyclophosphamide damaged mice.Methods: Sixty mice were divided into five groups speratedly, normal group, model group, Ginsenoside Rb1,Re,Rg1 group, 12 mice each group. Except the mice in normal group, the mice in the model group and the Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 group were intraperitoneal injected by 100 mg·Kg-1 cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 2 days. Then Ginsenoside Rb1,Re or Rgl were separately given intraperitoneally in the mice per day at dose of 10 mg·kg-1 for 7 days, and the mice in normal group and model group were intraperitoneal injected by physiological saline at the same dose. At the beginning, third and seventh day, peripheral white blood cells (PWBC) were determined. And after the sacrifice of mice, we counted the number of bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC), surveyed the thymus index and spleen index, counted the the number of CFU-S, and the activity of SOD and MDA in blood serum and bone marrow. Results: Compared with the model group, the PWBC of mice in Ginsenoside Re or Rg1 group were recovered significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01) , the number of nucleated bone marrow cells have been increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) , the thymus index and spleen index have been raised (P<0.05 or P<0.01) , the number of CFU-S are increased (P<0.05) , and in blood serum and bone marrow, the activity of SOD were increased, and the content of MDA were reducd(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Ginsenoside Rb1 possessed no significant effect on the above index compared with the control group. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Re or Rg1 have protective effects on the myelosuppression of mice which was caused by cyclophosphamide.Object: To observe the protective effect of Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 X-rays irradiated mice. Methods: Sixty mice were divided into five groups seperatedly, normal group, model group, Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 group, 12 mice each group. Except the mice in normal group, the mice in the model group and the Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 group were were irradiated with 4.0 Gy X-rays thoroughly. The mice in Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 group were intraperitoneal injected by the dose 10 mg·kg-1 for 10 days, and the mice in normal group and model group were intraperitoneal injected by physiological saline at the same dose. At the beginning, third and seventh day, peripheral white blood cells (PWBC) were determined.And after the sacrifice of mice, we counted the number of bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC), surveyed the thymus index and the spleen index, counted the CFU-S, and the activity of SOD and the content of MDA in bone marrow, blood-serum, kidney and liver were also determined. Results: Compared with model group, the PWBC of mice in Ginsenoside Rb1, Re, Rg1 group were recovered significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the number of nucleated bone marrow cells have been increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the thymus index and the spleen index have been raised (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the number of CFU-S were are increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and in bone marrow, blood serum and liver, the activity of SOD were increased, and the content of MDA were reducd (P<0.05 or P<0.01) , the ALT and AST were reduced significantly (P< 0.05 or P<0.01) , but BUN, Cr in blood serum and the active of SOD, the content of MDA in kidney appeared no significant difference. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rb1, Re or Rg1 have protective effects on the myelosuppression of mice which was caused by X-ray.Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rb1, Re and Rg1 provided protective effect on myelo- suppression, immune suppression and organ damage induced by cyclophosph- amide and X-ray. And the mechanism of action can be ralated with the effect of antioxygen of the Ginsenoside Rb1, Re and Rg1. This experimet provided the experimental basis for Anti-chemical and anti-radiation damage by Ginsenosides, and provide a scientific basis for the further development and application of Ginsenosides.