| Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague, which is a strong infectious disease,with the characteristics of spread fast and high mortality, serious harm to human health.It is the first of A Class infectious diseases in the Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. The main source of infection is rodents, the media is the flea. It is a natural focal disease.There is the largest and most complex natural foci of plague in our country, the focus are in a highly active state, animal plague may result in human infection at any time. According to the plague epidemic curve from 1991 to 2007, it is observed that the Yunnan rat plague natural foci is in the active state. Since 1982, more than 90% plague patients took place in the region in our country. Especially in the 1990s, the human plague was bouncing back, which is closely related to the activity degree of this focus.Objective:This study analyzes the plague monitoring data of the 1991-2007 plague in Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci, explore the prevalence law of plague: time distribution, geographical distribution and population distribution in Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci. The purpose is to analyze the prevalence and trends since plague resurgence, research natural factors and social factors leading to the occurrence of plague. The regression equations were established to proceed relevance so that we can make an early warning before the outbreak of plague and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of plague.Method:1. Application of descriptive research methods: Analyze and describe monitoring data combining with pathogenic and serological laboratory data of human and animal plague from 1991 to 2007. Summarize the disease distributing of foci of plague, the incidence of plague and characteristics of the pathogen.2.Statistical analysis methods:Use EXCEL for data entry and collation, use SPSS13.0 for statistical analysis. The the main method of statistical analysis is linear regression.Results:1. Rattus flavipectus is the main host of Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci, and Xenopsylla cheopis is the main media. They are the main infection source and the media of human plague, the main route of transmission is R.flavipectus -> Indian cheopis -> person. Honghe, Wenshan, Lincang, Dehong and Simao,this five areas above should be key areas of the prevention and control in Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci; people are generally susceptible to the plague, the gender difference is not very significant, most of the patients are in the age of 10-39. The ethnic incidence of the plague is similar to the local national composing in proportion. From the occupation, the most part of plague patients are farmers and students. Animal plague can occur throughout the year, the peak period is from June to October, usually there are plague patients after an animal epidemic of plague, that is, the peak period of the human plague is from July to November.2. The Yunnan rat plague natural foci is the most active region in our country. Plague epidemic has resurgenced from west to east, from the border to the mainland. With the plague spread, Guangxi, Guizhou have happened plague epidemic and continued to expand eastward.3.The prevalence of animal plague is from 0.013% to 0.550% from 1991 to 2007. There was 280 animal plague epidemic in 1998, which was the peak since plague epidemic has resurgenced4.The incidence of the human plague is from 0 to 0.288/100 000 during the 17 years in yunnan. There were 122 cases of human plague in 2000, since 2001, the incidence has decreased. The most of cases is bubonic plague, but there were 5 cases of pneumonic plague in 2005. 5. The statistical analysis of the monitoring data from 1991 to 2007 in Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci confirms that there is positive correlation between animals plague and rat density, animal plague and flea positive rate. There is no correlation among human plague, animals plague and rat density.Conclusion:1. Rattus flavipectus is the main host of Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci, and Xenopsylla cheopis is the main media. They are the main infection source and the media of human plague.2. The prevalence of animal is from 0.013% to 0.550% from 1991 to 2007. The peak 0.550% appeared in 2001.The main plague areas are Dehong,Boshan,Lincang and Simao, plague epidemic has resurgenced from the west to the east, from the border to the mainland.3 .The incidence of the human plague is from 0 to 0.288/100 000 during the 17 years in yunnan. There are two peaks 0.218/100 000 and 0.288/100 000 in 1996 and 2000. People are generally susceptible to the plague, the difference between the incidence of males and females is not significant, most of the patients are at the age of 0-29. Patients are mainly the Han nationality in proportion, followed by Yi. The ethnic incidence of the plague is similar to the local national composing in proportion. From the occupation, the most part of plague patients are farmers and students. The major regional distribution is in Honghe, Wenshan, Lincang, Dehong and Simao.4.The statistical analysis of the monitoring data from 1991 to 2007 in Yunnan rattus flavipectus natural foci confirms that there is positive correlation between animals plague and rat density, animals plague and flea positive rate. There is no correlation among human plague, animals plague and rat density.
|
PDF Full Text Request