| Bronchial asthma is a common diseases of chronic respiratory system, which involves all age groups, especially children. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that globally there are about 300 million patients with asthma, asthma prevention and treatment has become a global public health problem. Because of its chronic persistent, recurrent, and there are as yet no effective cure methods and drugs, is recognized as "chronic problem" or "illnesses."The cause of asthma is complex, mostly in the genetic basis of certain factors that are intensifying in vitro. The significant progress in study of asthma is the awareness of "airway smooth muscle spasm is the root cause of an asthma attack" turns to the "allergic airway inflammation" that confirming the main pathogenesis to the disease. At present, the medical profession feels that the reason why patients with asthma are often irreversible or partially irreversible airflow obstruction and persistent airway hyperresponsiveness, is due to the airway changes that have taken place in airway remodeling. All the ingredients of the respiratory tract wall are involved in airway remodeling, airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) contraction as a major effector cell is the main structure of the airway components, therefore the proliferation of ASMCs with a very important role, the proliferation of ASMCs make the airway wall be thicker, narrower the airway, resulting in airway remodeling. At the same time, ASMCs can synthesize and secrete extracellular matrix and various cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, adhesion molecules and so on. ASMCs are also concerned with activation in mast cells, eosinophils, T cells and neutrophil, etc. ASMCs aggravate the airway inflammation that cause asthma sustained and chronic, and play an important role in the occurrence and development of the airway inflammation in asthma, that has become an important therapeutic target.At present, the treatment of asthma has a wide range of medicines, a variety of dosage forms is also available. On the role of the strength is concerned, the majority of prescriptions are inferior to the western medicine, therefore, when acute asthma attacks, the western medicine is generally faster. We must realize, however, the status of Chinese prescriptions in bronchial asthma treatment still can not be ignored. So taking Chinese medicines, although more slowly effective, has no side effects. At the same time, it is precisely because medicine has side effects of low, almost non-specificity of resistance and so on, so that fully exploiting the motherland of medicinal resources, researching and developing of asthma medicine is very important. Pathogenesis of asthma with the deepening of the domestic in the role of traditional Chinese medicine to combat asthma and its mechanism of research, has been deep into the molecular, cellular level, involved in asthma pathogenesis of many areas has made significant progresses, the basic and modern medicine development tends to synchronize, and the clinical treatment has played a great advantage.Celandine, involves in Papaveraceae chelidonium majus L, to the whole plant medicine, has a wild distribution of vast number mountain and hilly areas in China, and for people of all medicinal in our country. With a wide range of chemical composition, the main active ingredient is a remarkable variety of physiological activity of isoquinoline alkaloids. Scholars from the Soviet Union reported in 1941 for the treatment of skin diseases and tuberculosis after the good results obtained, the crude drug has been used extensively in recent years, the demand for pharmaceutical market is greatly increased. But so far, China has yet to see the menu in flavor celandine herbs as raw materials for researching and developing of the drug. In light of the present with the application of celandine in China's pharmaceutical market, the paper think: to explore China's traditional Chinese medicine resources, expand the new use of traditional Chinese medicine, the development and utilization of medicinal celandine not only is necessary and possible, and has broad market prospects.Although celandine has research reports in the various aspects, but the depth and breadth of research still not enough: such as celandine effective or effective part of the monomer study reported less; the mechanism of the active ingredients that have not yet completely clear; the celandine pharmacological activity is not clear enough understanding of the material basis, which are to be further in-depth study of the future. Accordingly, the study established the purpose of thesis research, that is, further study in the celandine active ingredient and its biological activity in asthma.Studies have shown that celandine has pharmacological effects in easing pains, sedation; curing cancers; antispasm, antiasthma; expectorant, antitussive; bacteriostasis; anti-inflammatory, anti-virus etc. Clinical reports celandine more agents are celandine injection, pain tincture, syrup and extract etc. At present, widely used to treat asthma, chronic bronchitis, whooping cough; stomach pain, abdominal pain, gastric ulcer; gastritis, enteritis, dysentery and other diseases of the Chinese medicine production. In addition, celandine also can treat paddy fields dermatitis, poisonous insect bites, papilloma, condyloma, etc. Fufang Celandine has come into the market in China, curing cough asthma, anti-inflammatory expectorant, attending chronic bronchitis; for children has Ertong Qingreling (sugar-coat pill), the main components of celandine, that is well for the cold fever, cough asthma, sore throat.The subject pre-test indicates that celandine contains more alkaloids substances, according to the chemical structure and biological activity characteristics of the existing reference material of the relevant reports, we using 70% ethanol, 6 times the amount of ethanol, extracted 2 hours, a total approach to 2 times with a celandine extract. Dissolving the extract with dilute acetic acid, filtration, the filtrate with 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide adjusted pH to 9～10, after dichloromethane extraction, was the active ingredient celandine. By color reaction and TLC identification, to judge from the active ingredient celandine material for alkaloids. Further defined the major celandine chemical composition, laid the foundation for quality control of research of celandine herbs, also prompted a celandine application in asthma.In the experiment we using the organization block posted method successfully separated and cultured rat ASMCs, by morphological observation andα-actin immunocytochemical detection, more than 99% of cells are ASMCs. ASMCs in vitro in the level of cells for the study of bronchial asthma has provided an effective platform for the biological behavior, through the cultivation of ASMCs can be a means of its pathogenesis and prevention research.The extraction and separation from the active ingredient celandine (concentration were 0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg/L) and positive control with dexamethasone (concentration of 1 mg/L) serum-free DMEM with proportional dilution, were cultured rat ASMCs. With MTT and cell counting method we found that small doses of celandine active substances that could inhibit the proliferation of rat ASMCs, and inhibit the proliferation of ASMCs is depend on time and concentration. Celandine active ingredients prompted that it can interfere with airway remodeling in ASMCs proliferation, hypertrophy, and may reduce the secretion of inflammatory mediators, celandine provides a new theory for the treatment of asthma. In addition, celandine as a single Chinese herbal medicines, more shows in the treatment of asthma in its enormous potential, with the development and use of the value of the results of this experiment just provide the basis of the theory and practice.The activity about the inhibitory effects on proliferation of celandine on the rat airway smooth muscle cells, has yet to see the report. It is the first time in this experiment to study the active ingredient of celandine the effects of rat ASMCs, and the experimental results show that it can effectively inhibit the proliferation of rat ASMCs. The study of this subject is the innovation of this paper. It is the further evidence of celandine in the application of anti-asthmatic potential of medicinal herbs for celandine-depth research and provides a basis for the development and utilization of human bronchial asthma prevention and treatment, a new and effective drugs of this disease. |
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