Study On Botanical Characters And Dynamic Accumulation Of Active Component In Medicinal Chrysanthemum Morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.,a perennial plant from composite,has been used its flowers as the common medicinal material for a long time.In this paper,Medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium collected were studied on its morphological characters,pollen morphology and micromorphological characters of leaf epidermis,accumulation of Chlorogenic Acid and Total Flavone.The results are as follows.1.Morphological characters of new five cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium from Tongxiang city and traditional cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium were observed and compared.Morphological characters of 19 cultivars Medicinal C.morifolium are similar, but there were greater differences between cultivars in major morphological traits.19 cultivars Medicinal C.morifolium were clustered into 6 groups by using flexible average method,and the new five cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium from Tongxiang city were clustered into 1 group.2.Pollen grains of new five cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium from Tongxiang city and traditional cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium were observed and compared in the help of Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The pollen grains were mainly prolate to subspheroidai in shape,with elliptical or suborbicular in equatorial view and trisected circular or equilateral Mangle in polar view.There were 3 germinationg colps,also varied in depth and width in different cultivars,with the exine bearing a spinulose ornamentation and cavemulous perforation,pollen grains on the size and exine sculpture were of obvious difference in various Medicinal C.morifolium.The characters between new five cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium from Tongxiang city and traditional cultivars of Medicinal C. morifolium as pollen size,pollen shape,ultrastructure,and the length,width and space between the thorns were different.3.Micromorphological characters of leaf epidermis of new five cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium from Tongxiang city and traditional cultivars of Medicinal C.morifolium were examined by Fluorescence Microscope(FM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).The stomatal style,stomatal size,stomatal density and stomatal index were meas- ured and counted under FM and SEM.It was shown that the stomatal apparatuses of 13 cultivars were elliptic and present on both surfaces,and fewer in upper surface.The stomatal apparatuses were anomocytic.The leaf epidermal cells were usually irregular or irregularly polygonal in shape.The patterns of anticlinal walls were slightly straight,sinuolate, sinuous or sinuate.T-shaped epidermal hair can find on both surface of of Medicinal C. morifolium.The characters between 13 cultivars as stomatal size,stomatal density,stomatal index,the lengths of the termical cells of T-shaped epidermal hair were different to a large degree.The features between cultivars such as shape and pattern,anticlinal walls of epidermis cells,onramentation of outer stomatal ledge and inner margin of outer stomatal ledge were different.4.The Chlorogenic Acid and Total Flavone content were determined during different periods in five cutivars of Medicinal C.morifolium from Tongxiang city and different periods, which confirmed the process.The results showed that,accumulation of Chlorogenic Acid and Total Flavone in various C.morifolium got a high level when ray florets were in 50%blossom and tubular ones in 30%or ray florets were in 70%blossom and tubular ones in 50%.