| OBJECTIVES The etiologic factors of recurrent abortion include parental chromosomes abnormalities,structural abnormalities of the uterus,endocrine disorders,infection factors and autoantibody.Excluding the above factors,40 to 50 percent of recurrent spontaneous abortions(RSA)have no obvious reasons.Allogenic immune reaction may be relate to those RSA which have no obvious reasons,The pathogenesis of those allogenic immune reaction is unknown. That NK cells which locate in the interface of mother and fetus become more and more noticeably in the recent years.The combination of receptor and iigand which locate in the surface of the natural killer(NK)cells regulate the function of it.Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors(KIR)include inhibitory and active receptors are expressed on the surface of NK cells and some of T Lymphocytes.Because inhibitory and active signal was transferred by combine of KIR with the HLA- I which expressed by trophocyte of fetus,the activation of the NK cell was controlled.Because the change of KIR can affect the inhibitory signal,the activation of NK cells may increased,which can cause pathology pregnancy.To investigate whether the outcome of pregnancy depends on women's KIRs,we studied the KIR gene expression in women with unexplained early recurrent spontaneous abortions.METHODS We chose 30 women which with two or more early abortions characterized by unexplained reason after extended evaluation(exclusion of anatomical,chromosomal,hormonal,metabolic,infectious,autoimmune and thrombophilic etiologies)as study group,and 30 healthy women as control.Collect their deciduas at germfree conditions.Using reverse transcription PCR to study six inhibitory KIR,includingKIR2DL1,2DL2,2DL3,2DL4,3DL1 and 3DL2.Comparing their expression level between two groups.At the same time,we used western blotting techniques to study the expression level of KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL3 between two groups.RESULTS 1.The results showed decreased expression frequencies of deciduas inhibitory KIR mRNA in patients compared with control subjects (p＞0.05).2.The quantity of the patients that express 3 inhibitory KIRs or more in the same time decreased compared with control subjects(p=0.026＜0.05).3. Expression quantity of deciduas KIR2DL4 mRNA were much lower in patients with RSA compared with control subjects(0.54±0.10 vs.1.54±0.20,respectively, p=0.026＜0.05).4.Protein decreased expression frequencies of deciduas inhibitory KIR 2DL1 and KIR2DL3 in patients compared with control subjects(76.67% vs.83.33%,respectively,p=0.519＞0.05;60.00%vs 66.67%,respectively, p=0.592＞0.05).5.Protein expression quantity of deciduas KIR2DL1 in patient were more lower than control subjects(0.28±0.05 vs.0.71±0.07,respectively, p=0.01＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS 1.The decreased inhibitory KIR expression may influence the pathogenesis of RSA.2.The mRNA level of KIR2DL4 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of early spontaneous abortion.3.Depressed protein expression of KIR2DL1 may correlate with occurrence of unexplained first trimester spontaneous abortion.4.Lack of the Appropriate Natural Killer Cell Inhibitory Receptors may have more relativity to unexplained early recurrent spontaneous abortions...
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