The Epidemiology Study Of Individuals Allergic To Hiar Dyes In Tianjin

Along with the development of living standard and esthetic request, coloring of hair is a common fashion trend. Now, more than 50% of the women in the industrial world use permanent or temporary hair dyes for shorter or longer periods of their life. With the increase of population coloring hair, more doctors and consumers notice the influence of hair dyes to health.Permanent and temporary hair dyes are most common in use in long period. Permanent hair dyes are more popular in China. Permanent hair dye is a kind of oxidative hair dye. Oxidative hair dyes consist of 3 components that are dye intermedium, color former and oxidizer. Dye intermediums usually are paraphenylenediamine,p-phenylenediamine, p-aminophenol and its derivate. These intermediums are oxidated to pigment. Color formers are usually resorcinum, m-phenylene or M-aminophenol et al. Chinese often choose black hair dye because of the feature of oriental. Teenagers in city are prone to multicolor hair dyes. The main component of black hair dye is PPD, multicolor hair dyes are composed of derivate of PPD and other chemical constituent. PPD is known one of the most potent contact allergens, both from experimental studies in laboratory animals and from human clinical experience.Objective: To know the morbility of hair dye dermatitis and the epidemic characteristic by the investigation of people in Tianjin who dyed their hair. To find risk factor and precaution to hair dye dermatitis.Method: We distributed questionnaire in clinic service of venereal disease in our hospital, Tianjin medical university, community and hair-dresser's to investigate the personal data, the style and spot of coloring hair and something correlated to hair dyes. We retrieved 801 pieces of questionnaire. Statistical analyses wereperformed with SPSS version 13.0 , x~2-values were caculated to compare individuals allergic to hair dyes and individuals non-allergic. Results:A total of 597 persons who have the history of coloring hair were included in the study, 485 women and 132 men, mean age 41 years (range 16-74). Among 597 persons, 69 persons had allergic reactions to hair dye, 51 women and 18 men, mean age 44 years ( range 19-65). All persons in this study used permanent hair dyes. The median age at first dyeing was 40 years ( range 3-50 ). Our study showed that 11.56% individuals who had ever dyed their hair had contact dermatitis to hair dyes. Most of individuals dyed their hair at a hairdresser's and choosed multicolor hair dyes in my investigation. The compare of the sites of coloring hair demonstrate that has no statistical significant(P >0.05).It is found the 39.13% of individuals dyed their hair had done patch test before hair coloring and 32.66% of the individuals dyed their hair choosed black hair dye,53.27% choosed multi-color hair dyes ,14.07% used them both. We compare the respondents who used black hair dyes only and multi-color hair dyes only in allergic group, the result demonstrate that has statistical significant(P <0.05). It shows that it is more easier to have adverse reactions in person who choosed black hair dye. A total of 27.54% individuals allergic to hair dyes have other allergic disease(7cases of eczema,3 cases of asthma, 4 cases of urticaria, 5 cases of allergic rhinitis).In 69 respondents who had adverse reactions, 16 persons reported that the skin symptoms started less than 1 day after hair dye exposure , 31 persons's symptoms started in 1 day to 1week and 6 persons's symptoms started after 1 week. It is coincident with the pathogeny of hair dye dermatitis.Conclusion: The number of person who dye their hair will be increasing and the range of age will be enlarging in future. There is no statistical significant in compare with age. Persons who choose black hair dye are prone to be allergic. Incorrect method increases the risk of allergic to hair dyes.