| Objective:To make the fluid-percussion traumatic brain injury model in rats and study the changes of subtence P(SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) in rats with traumatic brain injury(TBI) and their significance.Methods: 168 health male Wistar rats (8-week-old, weight:250g~300g)were divided randomly into injury(n=126) and control groups (n=42). Injury group was divided randomly into 3 groups:that is mild,moderate and severe degree injury groups. There are 42 rats in every injury group. Three injury groups and control group were again divided randomly into 7 sub-group as sequence of traumatic time(0.5h,2h,6h,12h,24h,48h,72h), and every sub-group had 6 rats. Injury groups'rats were respectively given the different fluid-percussion power (0.5～1.0 atm,1.5～2.0atm and 2.5～3.0atm) by international general fluid-percussion craniocerebral injury instrument; and then the rats were made into three types of traumatic brain injury models. Blood of every rat drawed from the heart and brain tissue were collected according to corresponding observation time after trauma. The plasma levels of SP and CGRP were measured with ELISA method. The expression of SP and CGRP in impingement pallium were also detected by immunohistochemistry method. Part of brain tissues were also examined by hematoxylin-eosine dyeing method in order to study the histopathological changes. The changes of SP and CGRP were analyzed, so did their ralationship with traumatic brain injuryResults:(1) The changes of the plasma levels of SP and CGRP were correlated positively with each other after injury. The changes of the plasma levels of SP and CGRP were very similar. The plasma levels of SP and CGRP increased immediately after trauma, and then decreased quickly, and gradually rose slowly after12h or 24h in injury group. The plasma levels of SP and CGRP were different and existed statistical significance(p<0.001) between different degree TBI groups and control groups. The plasma levels of SP and CGRP were different and existed statistical significance(p<0.001) between different time in identical degree TBI.The plasma levels of SP and CGRP were existed the reciprocation between degree and time in traumatic brain injury.In other words, Fellowing time the changes of the plasma levels of SP and CGRP were different and existed statistical significance(p<0.001) in different degree TBI groups.(2) Demonstrate by the light microscope: The brain tissue'damage was extreme graveness from 12h to 24h after injured. The more severe the injury was the more big radius of the contusion and laceration of brain focus,the more big scope of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) and intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH)of brain, the more big extent of hyperemia and dropsy,the more disorder of the tissue structure.The express of masc neuron of SP and CGRP were exist in the pallium of control groups.The disposition of the express of masc neuron of SP and CGRP were very similar in TBI. (3)In TBI the changes of the masc unit of the express of SP and CGRP in the pallium impingement were correlated positively with each other. The general tendency is that:the more severe the injury was the more great the extent of SP and CGRP decreased,then the more slowly the SP and CGRP recovered. The masc unit of the express of SP and CGRP neuron were different and existed statistical significance(p<0.001) between different degree TBI groups and control group. The masc unit of the express of SP and CGRP neuron were different and existed statistical significance(p<0.001) between different time of the identical degree in TBI. The masc unit of the express of SP and CGRP neuron in the pallium impingement were existed the reciprocation between degree and time in traumatic brain injury. In other words, Fellowing time the changes of the masc unit of the express of SP and CGRP were different and existed statistical significance(p<0.001) in different degree TBI groups.Conclusion: We can make the stable and reliable traumatic brain injury model by the fluid-percussion craniocerebral injury instrument.In TBI the changes of the plasma levels of SP and CGRP and the masc unit of the express of SP and CGRP neuron in the pallium impingement were correlated positively with each other.The change's regularity of the plasma levels and the express of SP and CGRP in the pallium impingement were conformity, which were corresponding with the result of the pathological change of brain tissue in TBI. The more severe the injury was the more significant of the pathological change of brain tissue, the more obvious of tissue hemorrhage and cellularedema, the more low of the plasma levels of SP and CGRP, the more few of the express of SP and CGRP in the pallium impingement. Therefore,to measured the the plasma levels of SP and CGRP can indirectly infer to the changes of the express of SP and CGRP in the pallium impingement. Thereby, We can further appraise the degree of pathological changes and injury in TBI.
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