| Hypothalamic-Pituitary-gonad axis,(HPG axis) is a very important neuroendocrine regulation axis in organism. As the research indicates: there are complicated network relationships between the neurotransmitter, hormone and cytokine; the synthesis and secretion of Estrogen are regulated through HPG axis, then Estrogen regulates the development and function of the reproductive system, and influences the synthesis and secretion of the neurotransmitter and cytokine. In order to investigate the effect of estrogen on the expression of IFN-γin HPG axis, the model of ovariectomized rat was established, and the method of immunohistochemical ultrasensitive SP was used to investigate the intensity of IFN-γimmunoreactive substance in hypothalamus and pituitary of ovariectomized and treated with 17-β-Estradiol rats. The main results were as follows:1. The expression of the IFN-γin rat hypothalamus and pituitary. IFN-γimmunoreactive substance was widely localized in hypothalamus nuclei: preopticus magnocellular nucleus, nucleus supraopticus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, paraventricularis nucleus, periventricular nucleus, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamic, nucleus ventromedial hypothalamic, arcuate nucleus, nucleus mamillaris medialis, nucleus mamillaris lateralis and etc, there were also some glial cells distributed among them. IFN-γpositive cells distributed in the hole adenohypophysis, IFN-γimmunoreactive substance were mainly localized in cell membrane and cytoplasm but karyon; positive follicle cells could be detected in adenohypophysis pars intermedial, IFN-γimmunoreactive substance only expressed in cell membrane, the cell were in round and tightly arranged; And the IFN-γimmunoreactive substance in neurohypophysis appeared as fiber type and varicositic type.2. The intensity of IFN-γimmunoreactive substance in hypothalamus of ovariectomized and treated with 17-β-Estradiol rats. In the second week after ovariectomy, the expression of IFN-γin hypothalamus nuclei were significantly decreased(P<0.05), while the expression of IFN-γin arcuate nucleus was very significantly decreased(P<0.01); in the fourth week, the expression of the IFN-γin preopticus magnocellular nucleus, nucleus supraopticus, paraventricularis nucleus, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamic, arcuate nucleus, nucleus mamillaris lateralis continued decreasing, they were very significant(P<0.01) compared with the concrol group, the other nuclei were in the same level as the second week; in the sixth week, the expression of IFN-γin the preopticus magnocellular nucleus and suprachiasmatic nucleus were significant(P<0.05) while the other nuclei were very significant(P<0.01) compared with the concrol group; in the eighth week, the expression of IFN-γin the nucleus supraopticus and nucleus ventromedial hypothalamic increased and were significant(P<0.05) while the suprachiasmatic nucleus was very significant(P<0.01) compared with the concrol group, the other nuclei maintained the sixth week level. In the second week after being treated with 17-β-Estradiol, the expression of IFN-γin hypothalamus nuclei had a different degree increases contrasted with the OVX group, the nucleus supraopticus, paraventricularis nucleus, periventricular nucleus, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamic, nucleus ventromedial hypothalamic, arcuate nucleus were significantly increased (P<0.05), in the fourth week, the expression of IFN-γin the preopticus magnocellular nucleus, nucleus supraopticus, paraventricularis nucleus, arcuate nucleus kept increasing and were significant (P<0.05) while the other nuclei were very significant(P<0.01) compared with the OVX group; in the sixth week, the nucleus mamillaris medialis was significant (P<0.05) while the other nuclei were very significant(P<0.01) compared with the OVX group; in the eighth week, the expression of IFN-γin the preopticus magnocellular nucleus, nucleus supraopticus, paraventricularis nucleus, nucleus mamillaris lateralis decreased and were significant (P<0.05) compared with the OVX group, and the other nuclei maintained the sixth week level.3. The intensity of IFN-γimmunoreactive substance in pituitary of ovariectomized and treated with 17-β-Estradiol rats. In the second week after ovariectomy, the expression of IFN-γin pituitary was significantly decreased(P<0.05) contrasted with the control group, the fourth and sixth week kept decreasing and were very significantly decreased(P<0.01) contrasted with the control group, and there was a little increase in the eighth week. In the second week after being treated with 17-β-Estradiol, the expression of IFN-γin pituitary had a remarkble increase contrasted with the OVX group, in the fourth and sixth week, the expression of IFN-γkept increasing and returned to the normal level, the eighth week had a little decrease and was significant (P<0.05)compared with the OVX group.According to the research results, IFN-γwas widely distributed in rat hypothalamus and pituitary, the expression of IFN-γin hypothalamus and pituitary were all significantly decreased for the lack of estrogen after ovariectomy, and the 17-β-Estradiol can prevent this result by upregulating the expression of IFN-γ. All these results indicated that estrogen played an important role in synthesis and secretion of IFN-γin hypothalamus and pituitary. |
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