| ObjectiveAllergic rhinitis (AR) is immediate hypersensitivity influenced by genetic predisposition, environmental exposure, immune response, individ- uality, mother's history(allergosis such as asthma,AR,urticaria, etc), social behavior,economic status,self-behavior,psychological factor,etc,especially in family medical history and environmental risk factors.Allergic rhinitis is caused frequently by exposure to perennial or seasonal allergens that exist in our indoor and outdoor environment.Among the most common allergens, pollens(grass,trees,and weeds) are the predominant causes of seasonal allergic rhinitis.House dust mites,pets,and molds are the major causes of perennial allergic rhinitis.However,in tropical and subtropical areas pollen may become a perennial allergen.Recently,the document Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA),which was developed in collaboration with the WHO,has been recommended to replace the old terms"seasonal"and"perennial"rhinitis by"intermittent allergic rhinitis"and"persistent allergic rhinitis"respectively.Respiratory infection,cold air,motion, consci- ousness can promote AR.But environment is still crucial for gene couldn't change conspicuously in century.At present,what we should do is to interfere in environment around us and reverse the ascending tendency in AR.Cellular immunity is important in immediate hypersensitivity.CD4+ T lymphocyte can be dividded into help T lymphocyte(Th)1,Th2 according to their surface marker,Th1 can secrete IL-2,IFN-γ,TNF-β,IL-12,IL-18,activate macrophage,inducing cellular immunity.Th2 plays a role in immediate hypersensitivity by secreting IL-4,IL-5,IL-10,IL-13,GM-CSF,etc,to mediate humoral immunity.Their coprecursor cell Th0 cell's differentiation toward balance between Th1 and Th2 by the signal of microenvironment,maintain normal immunity.By stimulated repeatly after birth in allergens environment,ambly-activated Th0 cell can down regulate immunity response by changing Th0 to Th1 in the immunological memory course, reverse immune deviation in Th2 predominance response.The course is named"immune deviation",which is delayed or missed in atopy or anaphylaxis body.It continues skewing Th0 toward Th2 after birth berore 5 yesrs old.Study was reported that the main immunity pathogenesis in AR was disequilibrium in function and the ratio of Th1/Th2 by displaying more Th2 cells and accentuating function, which have been accepted generally by academic circles now, more and more hakeems play the emphasis on improving the Th1/Th2 balance with immunomodulator.We can detect correlate cytokines in cord blood to predict atopy body,change predisposing genes to retrieve supersensitivity by intervention.Ginkgo leaf extract is native medicine with widely action and lesser untoward reaction.The bioactive constituents of the Ginkgo leaf extract are flavonoid glycosides and terpene lactones.The Ginkgo leaf extract has been reported to have europrotective,anticancer,cardioprotective,stress alleviatin- g,and memory enhancing effects and possible effects on tinnitus,geriatric complaints,and psychiatric disorders.The therapeutic mechanisms of action of the Ginkgo leaf extract are suggested to be through its antioxidant,antipl- atelet,antihypoxic,antiedemic,hemorrheologic,and microcirculatory actions, where the flavonoid and the terpenoid constituents may act in a compleme- ntary manner. In china,Ginkgo leaf extract play a role of Asthma-Reliving Decoction,it has long-time use in treating asthma.But it is lessly reparted at regulating human allergy by balancing Th1/Th2,although in animal experiment.The experiment approaches heredity effect (parents'history of AD) and the effect of EGB on cord blood mononuclearcell Th1/Th2 cells of heredity supersensitivity tendency.We should follow up the baby firstly at 5years old,then every 5 years,keep surveying environment effect on atopy and incidence between two generations,invest related genealogy,analyze and draw a family genetic map for deeply interfering genetic predisposition so we can do early prevention,early intervention,early therapy in AD.Methods1. Cord blood was taken from 40 normal full term neonates through paper investigation, who were divided into 20 ones with their parents having anaphylactic disease (AD group), and 20 not(control group).2. Blood plasma were collected and cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) of neonates were separated, after stimulating with PHA (control group) and PHA+EGB(EGB group) respectively,and cultured in vitro for 24,48,72hours.Detecting cell proliferation by MTT method, IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF in supernatant were assayed by ELASA after CBMCs were cultured in vitro for 48h.Results1.AD group,as compared with control group:The expression of IL-2,IL-4,and GM-CSF in blood plasma were higher than those of control group(P<0.05),but not IFN-γ.2.AD group,as compared with control group:Cytokines'expression of IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γ,and GM-CSF were increased after EGB stimulation for 48 hours,with significant difference(P<0.05).In AD group:(1)The expression ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 in EGB group was significantly higher than that in PHA group(P<0.01),but IL-2/IL-4.(2)The expression of GM-CSF was positively correlated with the level of IL-2,IFNγ-(P<0.05) after EGB stimulation,but IL-4(P>0.05). Conclusions1.Heredity effect may play an important role in generation and progression of newborn allergic diseases.2. The study suggested that the EGB can interfere the balance of Th1/ Th2, especially up-regulating Th1, so can help prevent the incidence of puerile allergic disease.
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