| Objectives: To investigate the mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and K-ras pro-oncogene in gastric carcinoma patients of Hunan Province and to analyze the effects of these gene-mutations on gastric carcinomas.Methods: Using case-control methods, we studied 129 controls and 123 patients with gastric carcinoma. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood cells of controls and the patients with gastric carcinomas, p53 gene and K-ras gene were amplified by using PCR technique. The mutations of p53 gene and K-ras gene were analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism with silver staining techniques and followed by DNA squencing.Results: In the gastric carcinoma patients of Hunan Province, the overall frequency for mutations in the p53 gene was 29.3% and mainly distributed in exon 5. The type of the mutations was mainly G:C→A: T (41.7%) but the mutation codons were scatter. p53 gene mutations were significantly associated with the tumor's differentiation level but its relat ion with patients' sex , age, smoking, drinking was not demonstrated (P> 0.05). p53 mutations were frequent in the patients with lymph node metastasis (42.3%). Meanwhile, the overall frequency for mutations in the K-ras gene was 9.76% and mainly on the codon 12. The mutations of K-ras gene were mianly G→A transitions. The relationships between K-ras gene mutations and patients' sex, age, smoking, drinking, lymph node metastasis,tumor's differentiation were not found by single level and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. There were two mutations in both of p53 gene and K-ras gene, the relationship between the two genes' mutation was not found by statistical analysis.Conclusions: The gene mutations of both p53 and k-ras are correlated with the occurrence of gastric cancer in the population of Central South China. No relationship between the two genes' mutation is showed. The gastric carcinoma with p53 gene mutation would have more tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis.
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