| The developments of synthesis and application of chitosan derivatives were reviewed.The 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride ehitosan(HACC). N,O-carboxymethylchitosan(CMCS)and chitooligomer sulfate(SCS)were prepared. The modem analysis methods including high performance liquid chromatoghaphy (HPLC),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR),the electric potential drop were used to characterized the structures of the products.Chitooligomer sulfate is a new derivative of chitosan,whose stability,antimicrobial ability and antioxidant activity were studied. These chitosan derivatives were used to test the acute toxicity and subtle toxicity in female mice.The effect of chitosan derivatives on the metal element level in mice was studied.The antioxidant activity of Maillard reaction product which was gotten by the reaction of chitooligomer and glucose was studied.The following are the main contents and conclusions:1.Chtiooligomer have some positive physiological activities,but it is easy for the chtiooligomer to brown.In order to store the chtiooligomer for a long time,the chtiooligomer sulfate was prepared,the Mw was determined by the GPC,and the content was determined by acid-base titration.Moisture-absorption,moisture-retention capacity, stability,antimicrobial ability and antioxidant activity were studied.The chtiooligomer sulfate was the main component of the sample,and had better moisture-retention capacity than chtiooligomer,and was more stable than chtiooligomer.The result also shows chtiooligomer sulfate is very effective antimicrobial and antioxidant.2.The three derivatives such as carboxymethyl chitosan,ehtiooligomer sulfate, 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan(HACC)were synthesized.The Mw of the three derivatives was determined by the GPC,the degree of substitution and structure were determined by acid-base titration and FT-IR spectroscopy.The three derivatives of chitosan were used to test the acute toxicity and subtle toxicity in female mice.After thirty days,the mice were anatomized and the livers were separated,paraffin section,the influence of the three derivatives for the liver cell was observed.The result indicated that the three derivatives of chitosan had not significant acute toxicity and subtle toxicity to female mice,and had no influence to growth and the liver cell of mice.3.In order to investigate the effect of chitosan with different molecular(HCS 7.6×10~5, MCS 3.6×10~4,LCS 5.3×10~3)and water-soluble chitosan(WCS 3.9×10~4)on the Ca level by oral administration,the Kunming strain mice was used as experiment object(10 mice in each group)and orally administrated for 90 days at dose of 1.07%.The result indicated that the level of Ca in heart,liver,kidney and lung was significantly raised,by oral administration MCS;the level of Ca in heart and kidney was decreased significantly,by oral administration WCS,LCS and LCS,HCS,respectively;the level of Ca in hair was increased significantly,by oral administration MCS,WCS and L for a month,while,the level of Ca in hair was decreased significantly,by oral administration MCS,WCS and LCS for three month.In order to investigate the effect of carboxymethyl chitosan with different molecular(HCMCS 1.2×10~5,MCMCS 3.7×10~4,LCMCS 8.3×10~3),ammonium chitosan (HACC 9.1×10~3)and chitooligomer sulfate(SCS 3.1×10~3)on the metal element level by oral administration,the Kunming strain mice was used as experiment object(10 mice in each group)and orally administrated for 30 days at dose of 0.7%.The level of Pb in heart was increased significantly,the level of Ca,Zn in lung,liver,kidney,spleen,thymus,heart was decreased significantly,the level of Fe in lung,liver,kidney,spleen,heart was decreased significantly,by oral administration HCMCS;the level of Pb in heart was increased significantly,the level of Ca,Zn in lung,liver,kidney,spleen,thymus,heart was decreased significantly,the level of Fe in lung,liver,heart was decreased significantly and the level of Fe in thymus was increased significantly,by oral administration MCMCS;the level of Pb,Cu in kidney was decreased significantly,the level of Ca,Zn in lung,liver,kidney,spleen,thymus,heart was decreased significantly, the level of Fe in lung,liver,kidney,heart was decreased significantly,the level of Fe in spleen,thymus was increased significantly,by oral administration LCMCS;the level of Pb in heart was increased significantly,the level of Pb in kidney was decreased significantly,the level of Cu in kidney,thymus was increased significantly,the level of Ca,Fe,Zn in liver was decreased significantly,the level of Fe in kidney,spleen was decreased significantly,by oral administration HACC;the level of Pb in liver,heart was increased significantly,the level of Cu in liver,kidney was increased significantly,the level of Ca in spleen,liver was decreased significantly,the level of Zn in spleen,thymus was decreased significantly,the level of Fe in spleen,kidney,thymus was decreased significantly,by oral administration SCS.4.chtiooligomer with free amino groups reacts with glucose to form Maillard products.Time.pH.temperture and reactants' ratio affect reaction content and rate. The obtained products have excellent antioxidative ability. |
