| Dental caries is one of the most common diseases. At least 50% of the population of the whole world, that is more than 30 hundred million, is suffering caries. Caries can give rise to acute inflammation, focal infection or immunological disease. In the meantime, it seriously destroys the masticator, decreases the function of the digestive system and causes the disease of the system. According to the statistics of WHO, the depletion of human hygienic resources due to caries is astonishing. Caries is listed as one of the top three diseases which badly influence the human health.The widely accepted theories available for the pathogenesis of caries are the "chemico-bacterial theory" suggested by Miller in 1890 and the "proteolysis theory" suggested by Gottlieb, Frisbin in 1947 and Pincus et al in 1950. Those theories all involve bacteria destroying and acid demineralization.It is important that to develop dental restorative materials to repair tooth. Up to now, there are two types of dental restorative materials according to their properties. One is the metallic restorations, the other is non-metallic restorations. Dental amalgam is one of the metallic restorations; resin composite material is one of the non-metallic restorations. Amalgam restorations may be preferable to resin composite materials for the restoration of the portion of a posterior tooth subject to considerably greater bitting forces because of strength and wear resistance considerations. But amalgam restorations are subject to the effect of corrosion when exposed to conditions present in the ora cavity. Resin composite restorations are usually chosen for restorative task, but resin composite materials are weaker than metals. Applying these repair materials require mechanical removing of the affected part and filling of the hole with a resin or alloy. These methods will inevitably destroy surrounding healthy tooth to facilitate the adhesion of the filler. So it is not an ideal method in the case of tiny gap and early caries. Recently, K. Onmua et al developed a synthetic enamel method to repair the enamel, but the thickness of this synthetic enamel was limited to 20μm and the repair layer did not have antibacterial activity.A number of studies had reported the relationship between dental erosion and acidic foodstuffs. In addition, a report indicated that the mechanisms of DCPD growth and dissolution were of interest because of the importance of this calcium phosphate in the development of dental caries under acidic condition. DCPD is the most stable calcium phosphate under acidic condition. The aim of this study was the preparation and characterization of an antibacterial and highly crystalline zinc-doped DCPD coating on enamel. DCPD coating was prepared on enamel surface by the rapid growth of high crystalline DCPD crystal under strong acidic condition. The microstructure and hardness of the coating were characterized. The formation of the coating was characterized by FT-IR, XRD SEM, TEM, and EDS. Inhibition of the formation and metabolism of dental plaque by zinc salts has been documented. It has been previously reported the mechanism of inhibition of zinc ions on S. mutans, studies suggested that free zinc ions were responsible and that the inhibition of acid production was corrected with adsorption of zinc on the bacterial. Moreover, zinc ions have been included in several dental products, unlike other potential anti-plaque agents, zinc ions tend to cause no unpleasant clinical side-effects.The antibacterial activity against E. coli was examined and the microhardness was tested. |
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