| Objective To study the protective effect of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) on denervated muscle. Expected to find out a new method to ameliorate atrophy of denervated muscle.Methods A model of denervated gastrocnemius at right lower limb was established in 36 healthy adult SD rats. The rats were randomly divided into two groups: experiment group (group A) and control group (group B). The IL-1β(1ng/ml) with 0.1ml was directly injected into the denervated gastrocnemius of the experimental group in 5 different spots every day, and the isodose physiological saline was directly injected into the denervated gastrocnemius of control group with the same method. On postoperative 2, 4 and 8 weeks, 6 rats were taken from the two groups , the rate of muscle wet weight preservation, the cross section area of myocyte , the protein amount, the ultrastructure of myocyte and the motor end-plate were checked respectively, to investigate the protective effect of interleukin-1βon denervated skeletal muscle.Result On postoperative 2 and 4 weeks, the right gastrocnemius of experimental group appeared plump, elastic and acceptable hue. The muscle became atrophy with pale appearance at control group. On postoperative 8 weeks, the elasticity ,diameter and colour of the right gastrocnemius of the two groups decreased, but Group A was still better than Group B. On postoperative 2, 4 and 8 weeks, the rate of muscle wet weight preservation, the cross section area of myocyte and the protein amount were significantly greater in experiment group than those of control group(P<0.05). On postoperative 8 weeks, the edge of motor end-plate at the experimental group was more distinct than that of control group, and the acetylcholine esterase dyeing of motor end-plate was deeper than control group. The percentage of apoptotic muscle cells were significantly smaller in Group A than those of Group B.Conclusion IL-1βcan retard denervated muscle atrophy in short period.
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