Study On Anti-cancer Effects Of Xinjiang Pomegranate Fruit Extracts In MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

Objective: To Determine the physical quality and several main nutritional components of Xinjiang pomegranate, prepare polyphenol extracts of pomegranate fruit and optimize the extracting technology of polyphenols from Xinjiang Pomegranate peel, detect the anti-breast cancer effect of fruit extracts from Xinjiang pomegranate and the primary anti-tumor mechanism.Methods:①Measuring the physical quality (fruit shape index, the average single fruit weight, the weight of 100 seeds, the seed's color and luster and the peel color) and the amounts of several main nutritional components (concentration of soluble solid, pH value, total sugar, vitamin C and flavonoids) of four kinds of pomegranate in Xinjiang.②The extracting technology of polyphenols in peel was optimized by means of orthogonal experiment which was based on the single-factor experiment and using the amounts of polyphenols as index.③The anti-tumor effects of fruit extracts to human MCF-7 cells was observed using the morphology changing of cells, the MTT assay, inhibition ratio of proliferation, effects of apoptosis and the cell cycle distribution use FCW, and the primary anti-tumor mechanism was investigated.Results:①The differences of physical quality of four kinds of pomegranate: the fruit shape index and the average single fruit weight of the sweet pomegranate from Hetian is the biggest; the weight of 100 seeds of the sour pomegranate from Hetian is the biggest; the color and luster of four kinds are similar, among them the most beautiful one is the sour pomegranate from Hetian. For the measurent of the nutritional components: the concentration of the soluble solid is the sour pomegranate from Kashi > the sweet pomegranate from Kashi = the sweet pomegranate from Hetian > the sour pomegranate from Hetian; the pH value and the total sugar is: the sweet pomegranate from Hetian > the sweet pomegranate from Kashi > the sour pomegranate from Kashi > the sour pomegranate from Hetian; the content of Vitamin C and flavonoids is: the sweet pomegranate from Kashi > the sweet pomegranate from Hetian > the sour pomegranate from Kashi > the sour pomegranate from Hetian.②The optimum extracting techniques of polyphenols is: extracted at room temperature with 60% ethanol, the ratio of material to solvent is 1:24, and extracted for 0.5h.③The MTT experiment's results indicate that MCF-7 cells treated by eight extracts from pomegranate with the dose of 8mg/ml for 24h,48h,72h, the growth inhibitory rates ranged from 65.96%～99.34%, which confirmed that eight extracts from pomegranate had the inhibitory growth activity towards human MCF-7 cell lines.④The FCM assay showed that the P-1 caused the growing of MCF-7cells at the cycle of GO/G1 which inducing the cell apoptosis. Annexin V-FITC/PI assay showed that 46.9% MCF-7 cells were exhibited of apoptosis when incubated with the concentration of 0.5mg/ml of P-1 for 48 hours, while 62.4% with 2mg/ml, and 70.3% with 8mg/ml. It demonstrated that the P-1 could induce MCF-7 cells apoptosis.Conclusions:①The amounts of several main nutritional components of pomegranate from Kashi were larger than those from Hetian.②The optimized extracting technology was stability and feasible.③Eight extracts from pomegranate show different effects of anti proliferation to MCF-7 cells, the mechanisms for anti-tumor property of P-1 is probably inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.