| ObjectiveAquaporins (AQPs) are the membrane protein on the surface of cellular membrane. Now, aquaporins have other function,such as, adjusting cellular metabolism, participating cellular migrating, secreting, swallowing and differenation, besides transmembrane transport of water. Exppression of AQP1 is different in variety classes tumour cell. Someone found that AQP1 was not expressed in the squamous cell carcinoma of lung, and it was expressed in adenocarcinoma of lung. The results suggested that expression of AQP1 had the tissue specificity. If could AQP1 be expressed in the adenocarcinoma of stomach? Now, the reports were found on that. So, the objective of this paper is to research the expression and function of AQP1 in the adenocarcinoma of stomach with differentiation degree.Material and method45 human gastric adenocarcinoma specimen were from the central hospital of Baicheng city. And the number of the tissue of cancers with high differentiation, middle differentiation and low differentiation was 15 in very differentiation degree. Routinal paraffin section was cut, and the thick of section was 4μm. HE staining, AQP1 and PCNA staining were done as routine method. These sections were test under Olympus microscope.Result1. The result of HE staining(1) Gastric adenocarcinoma with high differentiationSome cancer cells infiltrated into the tunica muscularis, and some cancer cells were in submucosa. There were gland follicle in gastric adenocarcinoma with the high differentiation, and size of the follicles was different, and some follicles had convex papilate. The size of the follicles in the tunica muscularis was smaller than that in submucosa.(2) Gastric adenocarcinoma with middle differentiationThe gland follicle was small, and cancer cell intiltrated into tunica muscularis.(3) Gastric adenocarcinoma with low differentiationThe number of gland follicle was few. The cells intriltrated as the cords. It could distribute all gastric well.2.The results of AQP1 immunohistochemistry(1) Gastric adenocarcinoma with high differentiationAQP1 was appeared strong masculine expression in the vassular endothelial cell. The cancer cells in tunica mucosa and submucosa form large gland follicle, and masculine expression existed in the cellular membrane and cytoplasm of cancer cells. The cancer cells in tunica muscular formed gland follicle and expressed.(2) Gastric adenocarcinoma with middle differentiationThe cancer cells in the tunica submucosa formed gland follicle, and some cells appeared musculine expression. The size of cancer cells in tunica muscular was less than that in tunica mucosa and tunica submucosa, and the cells appeared masculine expression.(3) Gastric adenocarcinoma with low differentiationAll the cancer cells had infiltrated into tunica muscular or serosa. Most cancer did not form the gland follicle, and some cancer cells formed small follicle. The thiner expression of AQP1 appeared gland follicle, and non expression of AQP1 appeared cancer cells without gland follicle structure.3. The results of PCNA immunohistochemstry(1) Gastric adenocarcinoma with high differentiationThe number of cancer cells with gland follicle in the tunica mucosa and submucosa was few and appeared masculine expression. The cells in the tunica muscular expression PCNA, and the number of masculine expression cells was more.(2) Gastric adenocarcinoma with middle differentiationThe number of masculine expression cells were more than that in the tunica mascular and tunica mucosa.(3) Gastric adenocarcinoma with low differentiationThe number of masculine expression cancer cells was very more, and appeared strong masculine expression.Conclusion:1. The number of cancer cells with expression of PCNA increased form high differentiation to low differentiation. The results suggested that the cancer dissociation was positive correlation with expression of PCNA.2. The cells in high differentiation and middle differentiation expressed AQP1, and low differentiation did not express AQP1. The results suggested that AQP1 might concerned with the formation of gland follicle.3. AQP1 did not take part in the cancer cell proliferation, but it might be part in the differentiation of Gastric adenocarcinoma.
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