The Retrospective Analysis About The Changes Of Cerebrospinal Fluid In Central Nervous System Infectious Diseases

Central nervous system infection is the acute or chronic inflammation (or non-inflammatory) that caused by various biological pathogens (including viruses, bacteria, spirochetes, parasites, Rickettsia body, and prion protein, etc.) invading the CNS substance, velamen and vascular. In the normal physiological conditions, the infection incidence of the central nervous system was significantly lower than other parts of the body due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. However, in recent years with the ageing of the population and increasing of incidence of cancer, diabetes, and cardio-cerebral vascular diseases, traumatic medical technology, chemotherapy , radiotherapy, organ transplants, and immunosuppressive drugs are more widely used than before which increase the incidence of the opportunistic infection of central nervous system significantly, and cause the immune dysfunction of the central nervous system . If the event of infection occurs, severe clinical manifestations will be inevitable because of the lack of the resistance capacity of inflammation. In addition intracranial infection often accompanied by cerebral edema and even cerebral hernia, mortality and morbidity of intracranial infection is very high, which is a serious threat to people's health. Infection of the central nervous system diseases, include①viral meningitis②tuberculous meningitis③purulent meningitis④fungal meningitis⑤parasites meningitis⑥viral encephalitis⑦brain abscess. The purulent meningitis, tuberculosis and meningitis and viral meningitis / encephalitis are the most common diseases in clinic. Because so far there is no uniform standard in the diagnosis and the treatment of the infectious diseases of the central nervous system, there are many difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases in clinic. At present, early diagnosis and differential diagnosis relies mainly on clinical manifestations, EEG examination, cerebrospinal fluid examination and CT scan or MRI examination. CSF (cerebrospinal fluid, CSF) diagnostic examination is an important means for these diseases, including CSF etiology inspection which is the best way to diagnosis. However, as the etiology inspection is affected by many factors, pathogen detection is difficult to be confirmed, the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis rate is very high. With the development of CSF test items, as well as the wide use of the CT and MRI technologies, scholars are trying to find a simple, rapid, and accurate method in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis.They are doing research in not only the cerebrospinal fluid routine examination but also the cytology, immunology, molecular biology and imaging technologies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of the cerebrospinal fluid and the imaging and EEG features of patients with the disease of the central nervous system infection, and to investigate the method of the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the significance of infection of the central nervous system disease, which will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical work . Methods: Retrospective analysis of the cases of the central nervous system infections of past three years at our hospital, and detailed analysis of the clinical characteristics and cerebrospinal fluid changes of various types of infectious central nervous system diseases.To evaluate the significance of above targets in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of central nervous system infections, the imaging and electroencephalography were statistical analyzed in early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the infections of central nervous system combined with many scholars research results of cerebrospinal fluid. Results: The changes in intracranial pressure can be reflected directly by cerebrospinal fluid detection, and the detection of cytology and pathogens played an important role in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the central nervous system infections. Conclusion: 1 The CSF inspection is one of the most important diagnostic method in the central nervous system infection disease. 2 The clinical characteristics, and EEG imaging play a supporting role in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this disease. 3 It is the gold standard for diagnosis with the application of molecular biology and immunology pathogen detection technology, but there is still a long way to go.