| ObjectivesTo investigate the survival of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) after optic nerve injury and the regeneration of axons in vivo treated by intravitreous injection ofα-crystallines.Methods1.Adult Long-evans rats were divided into 4 experimental groups. 5μα-crystallines of different concentration(1×10-3g/L, 1×10-4g/L, 1×10-5g/L, 1×10-6g/L) were injected into vitreous cavity and the changes of the retina and RGCs were observed by light microscope after 5 days .2.To evaluate the effect of survival of RGC in vivo by means of intravitreous injection of theα-crystallines. Flurogold retrograde tracing was used to stain RGCs and actived microglia after the optic nerve injury for 1 week,2weeks,3weeks,4weeks after the optic nerve injury.3.CT-B Conjugates anterograde tracing and microscopy were also applied to evaluate axonal regeneration of RGCs for 2 weeks,4weeks,6weeks after the optic nerve injury.Results1.After different concentration(1×10-3g/L, 1×10-4g/L, 1×10-5g/L, 1×10-6g/L) were injected into vitreous cavity ,The retinal changes of light microscope were within normal limit. There is no abnormal change to be observed in the retina.2.Intravitreous injection ofα-crystallines can rescue some RGCs , and the survival rate of RGCs significantly increased from 33%,4%,3% ,1% at 1w, 2w ,3w ,4w post-injury to 51%,11%,7% ,3% respectively, compared to the controleyes(p<0.01).3.More of the axon termination of the lesion group with treatment of intravitreous injection theα-crystallines could been seen through the lesion area.Conclusions1. There is no toxicity ofα-crystallines (1×10-3g/L,1×10-4g/L,1×10-5g/L,1×10-6g/L) by intravitreous injection .2. Intravitreous injection ofα-crystallines can rescue some RGCs and reduce activation of microglia for 1~4 weeks after optic nerve injury.3. Intravitreous injection ofα-crystallines can clear the path for axons to sprout and improve the regeneration of the axons as well as partly restore the visual function.
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