| Objective①To observe histological configuration of bridging veins(BVs) of different groups and sections, distribution of smooth muscle cell(SMC),elastic fiber(EF) and collagenous fiber(CF) of the BVs.②To investigate expression intensity and distribution of theα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) positive cells of the BVs of different groups and sections.③To ascertain the phenotype of SMC and its 3D distribution in human cerebral BVs.④To study the regulation and control of the BVs to cerebral circulation.Methods①A total of 126 BVs obtained from 15 cadavers were divided into four groups: superior sagittal group, tentorial group, sphenoidal group and posterior fossa group. Then each BV was sectioned into four parts: section off the encephalon, subarachnoid section, subdural section, paste section.②The histological structure of the BVs were stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE), Ponceau-Victoria blue (P-VB) and immunohistochemical SABC. The optic density ofα-SMA and SMMHC was analyzed by computerized image pattern analysis, and the value of mean optic density (MOD) of different sections was compared.③4 BVs from the donors and 3 BVs from the operation were detected by Western blot. All experimental results were statistically analyzed with SPSS 11.5.Results①The tunica intima and tunica media of the BVs were thin, the tunica adventitia was thick. No complete layer of smooth muscle was found in the tunica intima, the SMC with single elliptical or rod-shape nuclear, fusiform in shape and different in length, ran longitudinally and distributed unequally in the wall of BVs, intercrossed with each other, endothenial cell (EC) wasn't covered fully sometimes.②The wall of the dural side which contained abundant CF, was thick and its tunica adverticia adhered to dura closely, the wall of the arachnoid side was thin which contained few EF and loose CF.③Highly positiveα-SMA was located in SMC of the wall of BVs, dark brown immunological reactant was distributed in cytoplasm, some of theα-SMA positive cells were located under EC, while the other were located away from EC. Middle positive SMMHC was found in SMC, brown granular immunological reactant was distributed in cytoplasm or around the nuclear, the SMMHC positive cells were located under the EC.④No significant difference of the value of MOD ofα-SMA and SMMHC immunoreactive SMC was found among different sections of BVs(P>0.05); The value of MOD ofα-SMA was higher than that of SMMHC(P<0.05), the value ofα-SMA of the section off the encephalon was higher than that of the subdural section(P<0.05).Conclusions①There is SMC in the vessel wall of the BVs , no manifest difference of SMC is found among different groups of BVs.②The phenotype of SMA of the BVs may be synthesis phenotype, the SMC contribute to maintain the vessel wall's tensity and stabilize the EC.③During the BVs come from the section off the encephalon to the subdural section, the SMC phenotype diversion from synthesis phenotype to shrink phenotype. The function of BVs of different sections in the regulation and control cerebral outflow may be distinct.④The SMC of BVs may be distributed spirally, it can regulate the vessel cavity and impulse the blood to the sinuses of dura mater.⑤Different distribution of EF and CF between the dural and arachnoid side, each side of the BV have distinct rigidity and elasticity that may have different effect on cerebral outflow.⑥The BVs can regulate and control cerebral outflow. |
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