| Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore the etiology , clinical characteristics, auxiliary examination, treatment and follow up results of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia(IIP) in children . Method:A retrospective analysis was held on the pediatric patient's clinical materials that were diagnosed as IIP. Results:The etiology was unknown in these patients; we just found some background factors. The main symptoms were progressive dyspnea, dry cough, most of patients usually no fever,but always weight loss, fatigue, poor appetite. Fine crackles can be heard on the base of bilateral lungs, accompanied with cyanosis, clubbed fingers. Prior to admitted to the hospital, the patients were misdiagnosed as bronchopneumonia, asthma or pulmonary tuberculosis etc. WBC was elevated, ESR was accelerated, CRP was positive, LDH level was increased, X ray indicated diffused infiltrating change, HRCT indicated reticulate, honeycomb, frosted. Lung function test(>8 years) showed restrictive ventilation function impairment, blood gas analysis and monitoring showed persistent hypoxemia. Except systemic corticosteroid pulse therapy combined with intravenous gamma Immunoglobulin, Azithromycin taken orally, inhaled bronchodilators, Fluticasone aerosol therapy were given and following up, 7 cases were clinically resolved,2 cases were died, there was no improvement in 1 case and give up treatment. Conclusion: The etiology was uncertain in these patients and they were easily misdiagnosed and under diagnosed. The duration of disease was delayed. The key point of early diagnosis based on the clinical manifestations combine laboratory test such as ESR,CRP,WBC,LDH increased and imaging study. Although there were many difficulties in treating, combination therapy could control symptoms in some patients .
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