Studies On The Purification And Medical Function Of Chondroitin Sulfate Isolated From Chinese Sturgeon

Chondroitin sulfate was bioactive substance that isolated from various animals, mainly shark cartilage. Chondroitin sulfate has many physiological functions such as antiarthritis, blood fat adjustment, antioxidation, anticoagulation, immunity enhancement, and so on. To solve the problems due to the decrease of shark resources, the feasibility of extracting chondroitin sulfate from Chinese sturgeon cartilage was studied. The contents of chondroitin sulfate between shark and sturgeon cartilage were comparatively studied. We further studied the contents of wet cartilage and chondroitin sulfate among the different sizes and between head and back bond of sturgeon, a better technology for extracting chondroitin sulfate using alkali dilute-salt dilute-enzymolysis, and the physiological functions chondroitin sulfate on immunity of mouse experiment. The results showed:1. The contents of chondroitin sulfate between shark and sturgeon cartilage were not significantly (p>0.05) deferent. The purity of chondroitin sulfate isolated from sturgeon was significantly (p<0.05) higher than from shark. The contents of protein and nitrogen of chondroitin sulfate isolated from sturgeon cartilage were 2.66% and 3.04%respectively, both were highly significantly (p<0.01) lower than from shark cartilage.2. The contents of both head and backbone cartilage of medium size (5.91±0.25kg)of sturgeon were highly significantly (p<0.01) higher than small size (2.69±0.17kg) and big size(8.06±0.49kg) of sturgeon. The contents of chondroitin sulfate in unit weight of wet head cartilage of all sizes sturgeon were highly significantly (p<0.01) higher than those in unit weight of wet backbone cartilage. The content of chondroitin sulfate in unit weight of wet head cartilage highly significantly (p<0.01) decreased with the increase of sturgeon size, but that in unit weight of wet backbone cartilage was not significantly (p>0.05).3. In alkali dilute to extract the chondroitin sulfate from sturgeon cartilage, the density of alkali had a greatest effect, then the weight proportion, and the time, the best combination of extracting technique was: the 5% alkali concentration, the 1:6 weight proportion, and the time of 3 hours. In salt dilute to extract the chondroitin sulfate from sturgeon cartilage, the temperature had a greatest effect, then the salt concentration, and the time, the best combination was the 4% salt concentration, the temperature of 90, and the time of 20 minutes. In enzymeolysis, the enzyme concentration had greatest effect, then the temperature, and the time, the best combination was 0.4% enzyme concentration, the temperature of 52℃, and the time of 2.5 hours. The purity of chondroitin sulfate isolated by above best combination technique was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that by traditional technique, while the content of protein was significantly (p<0.05) lower.4. To study the immunity functions of chondroitin sulfate of sturgeon in mouse, three different dosages (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg ml-1 ) of sturgeon chondroitin sulfate were adopted. Results showed that the medium dosage (5.0) of chondroitin sulfate significantly (p<0.05) enhanced the function of macrophage. All three dosages significantly (p<0.05)enhanced the thymus index of male mouse, while no significant (p>0.05) effect was found on the spleen index of male mouse, thymus and spleen index of female mouse, and the immunological function of mouse cell.