| Copper is an essential biological trace element, which is the most familiar metal in the daily life. It plays an important roles in physiological activitys. Deficiency of copper will cause diseases such as anaemia, osteoporosis, coronary heart disease, vitiligo, female infertility and et al. So it is beneficial to take proper amount copper. But absorbing superabundance copper can lead to copper toxicity, inducing arrhythmia, even renal failure, uraemia, and shock. Chronic copper toxicity will bring respiratory disease, disease of ocular, conjunctivitis, skin disease and so on. Since the importance of copper to human body, much attention was focused recent years. The synthesis methods, the physico chemical properties, crystal structure of the compounds and antibacterial activity were the hotspots.Based on the idea of innovation and systemic research, we used microcalorimetry and microscopy to study the action of copper complex on the metabolism of bacteria and Tetrahymena thermophila. The associated toxic effect between copper and heavy metal or phenol by microcalorimetry were studied. The work includes:1. The action of four copper complexes on Tetrahymena thermophila growth metabolism was studied by microcalorimetry. We obtained the metabolism curves of Tetrahymena thermophila, calculating some thermodynamics and dynamics data such as the growth constant k, in- hibiting rate/, half-inhibiting concentration IC50, generation time tG. We have discussed the relationship among k, TMAX and c, observing the morphology changes of Tetrahymena thermophila under the medicaments by the microscope. The results suggest, which shows from the highest apex, comparing the respective time (TMAx), the toxicity of four medicaments is [Cu(phen)3]Cl2·6H2O＞(C9H6NO)2Cu＞[Cu(phen)2]Cl2·6H2O＞CuCl2.2. The action of four copper complex on the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied by microcalorimetry. The result shows that, for a given complex in the same concentration, different growth curves and inhibiting extent of the two kinds bacteria were observed, the inhibiting rate to Staphylococcus aureus is obvious lower to Escherichia coli. The ulramicrostrcture of Escherichia coli observed by AFM under [Cu(phen)2]Cl2·6H2O showed that Escherichia coli's membrane structure has been broken, leading to increasing the membrane penetration, losing cytoplasm and died.3. The associated effects between copper and zinc, mercury, cadmium, lead, phenol and nitrophenol were observed by microcalorimetry, the Escherichia coli as a model role. According to the relationship between the growth rate constants and the concentration, we have preliminarily studied the mechanism of the combination, which obtained some significative results.
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