| Osteoporosis is an increasingly popular public health problem in the world, characterized by low bone mineral density and the deterioration of skeletal micro architecture, which leads to an increased risk of fracture. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) are widely used as direct indicators of bone mass. It is estimated that there are 88 million osteoporotic individuals in China. The ratio of number of osteoporotic men and women is 1:6. For the past decades, a large number of studies have been focused on osteoporosis. However, up to now, no efficient measure is available to substantially improve BMD and treat osteoporosis. Therefore, early prevention is the most economical method to prevent this disease. One of the primary prevention measures is to maximize peak bone mass (PBM) within genetic potential in and before early adulthood. Puberty is a critical stage of bone development, in which a large proportion of bone mass is accumulated. Therefore, maximizing bone accumulation during puberty will be beneficial to maximize the PBM. Although, environmental factors may contribute a much less proportion of the differences in bone mass among individuals than genetic factors, it is valuable to pay more attention to environmental factors since only they can be modified. Among the environmental factors, dietary factors and physical activity play a key role in the prevention of osteoporosis. So it should be theoretically and practically helpful to observe the development principles of bone mass in children and to investigate its predictors and define their corresponding contributions to bone mass. In this study, we assessed the major determinants of bone mass in children, and evaluate the association of bone mass with dietary calcium and physical activities after adjusting for other potential confounders. The results may provide scientific evidence for promoting healthy nutrition and life-style in children to fulfil their growth potential and early prevent the development of osteoporosis.[Objective]: In order to investigate the level of adolescent bone mass and the correlated influence factors in Kunming, Yunnan province ,this research has carried on the bone mineral density to test the adolescent and has carried on questionnaire investigation to influential factors.[Method]: bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar and proximal femur of 55 adolescent, aged 12 to 14, was measured with Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in middle school, Kunming city. Then the Survey of its life style, eating habit and movement situation has been taken by means of questionnaire investigation and direct interview.[Result]: ( 1 ) the level of BMD of lumbar and femur neck and femur GT in girls are significant higher than the ones in boys. ( 2 ) The BMD of adolescent who drink milk every day were greater than that of adolescent without milk intake in lumbar and proximal femur. ( 3 ) Compared with juvenile who do not like outdoor exercise, those like outdoor exercise revealed higher BMD levels in lumbar and proximal femur. ( 4 ) Menarche at earlier age was associated with a higher BMD (P<0.05). ( 5 ) There is a positively correlation between BMD and weight, but BMD is not correlated with height. ( 6 ) The correlation concerned about bone mineral density with milk intake , weight, outdoor exercise: milk intake > weight > outdoor exercise. That is to say, milk intake has the strongest influence on bone mass, while outdoor exercise has the weakest one.[Conclusion]: The correlated influence factors of BMD in adolescent, Kunming city were respective: milk intake, outdoor exercise, sex and weight. So it is the effective way that more milk intake and outdoor exercise in enhancing bone mineral density, preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis.
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