Measurement Of Renal Blood Flow Assessed By Transesophageal Echocardiography During Pneumoperitoneum With Carbon Dioxide

Background The literature concerned with the renal blood flow has been limited to the animal experiment, and there has been no clinical research in this field because of lacking in reliable monitoring methods. So, the purposes of this study were to determine the feasibility of acquiring the left renal blood flow and to investigate the changes of the left renal blood flow by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide.Methods In 35 patients for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the left renal arterial diameter and Doppler velocities (peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, mean velocity, velocity time index) were measured by transesophageal echocardiography before pneumoperitoneum; 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min during pneumoperitoneum; and 1 and 5 min after deflation. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the heart rate (HR) were recorded at the same time. The left renal arterial flow (LRAF), pulsatility index (PI), and resistive index (RI) were calculated according to the standard formulae. Ringer's...