Studies On Chemical Constituents And Bioactivities Of Peperomia Pellucida And Peperomia Tetraphylla Var. Sinensis

Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth and P. tetraphylla var. sinensis (Forst. f.)Hook. widely growing in the southern regions of China were traditionally used totreat abscesses, boils, skin wounds, trauma, and bleeding.From the ethanol extract of the whole plants, 28 compounds were isolated and27 structures identified by means of chemical and/or spectral methods, including 7new and 7 ones isolated from this genus for the first time.The new compounds were, A. two secolignans: 2-methylene-3-[(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)(5″-methoxy-3″,4″-methylenedioxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone(5), 2-methyl-3-[(3′-hydroxyl-4′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)(5″-methoxy-3″,4″-methlenedioxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone (6);B. two tetrahydrofuran lignans: 7,8-trans-8,8′-trans-7′,8′-cis-7-(5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-7′-(4′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-acetoxymethyl-8′-hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran (7), 7,8-trans-8,8′-trans-7′,8′-cis-7,7′-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8,8′-diacetoxymethyltetrahydrofuran (8);C. one dihydronaphthalenone: 5,6,8-trimethoxy-4-(2′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone (12);D. two β-triketones: 4-hydroxy-2-(octadec-13Z-enoyl-cyclohexane)-1,3-dione(22),4-hydroxy-2-( eicos-15Z -enoyl-cyclohexane)-1,3-dione(23).20 known compounds were: Peperomins A (1), B (2), C (3), E (4), and F (15);7,8-trans-8,8'-trans-7',8'-cis-7-(5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-7'-(4′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-8,8'-diacetoxymethyltetrahydrofuran (9), 7,8-trans-8,8'-trans-7',8'-cis-7,7'-bis(5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-8-acetoxymethyl-8'-hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran (10);sesamin (11), linoleic acid (13), isoswertisin(14), 2-methylene-3-[(5′-methoxy-3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)(4′′-hydroxy-3′′,5′′-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone (16), 2-methyl-3-[(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)(3′′-hydroxyl-4′′,5′′-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone (17), N-trans-feruloyltyramine (18), 5-hydroxy-7,8,3′,4′-tetramethoxyflavone (19), 5-hydroxy-7,3′,4′-trimethoxyflavone(20), 5-hydroxy-7,8,4′-trimethoxyflavone (21);stigmasterol(24), β-sitosterol(25), 173-ethoxyphaeophorbide (26) and salsolinol (27).Anticancer activities of the isolated lignans were evaluated on HL-60, P388, A549,MCF-7, and HeLa cell lines. Compounds 4, 5, and 16 showed growth inhibitoryeffects on these cell lines, while compound 10 exhibited estrogen-like properties.