The Expression Of HOXA 11 In Human Endometrium Of The Menstrual Cycle

Homeobox genes give identity of developing body segment and embryonic anteroposterior patterning in vertebrates, which, a family of regulatory genes controlling embryonic development and cell differentiation, contain a common 183-nucleotic sequence homeobox. HOX genes are transcriptional regulators that play an essential role in determining tissue identity during embryonic development. HOX genes are involved in the development of the Mullerian system and then continue to be expressed in adult uterus. Moreover,the homeobox sequence itself encodes a 61-amino-acid domain (homeodomain), responsible for recognition and binding of sequence specific DNA motifs.Implantation of human blastocyst requires proper development of the uterine endometrium to a state of receptivity. This occurs predictably on days 19-21 (midsecretory) of a normal menstrual cycle. The endometrium progresses through an ordered process of cell proliferation, growth and differentiation that lead to the window of receptivity. In many ways cyclic endometrial development in adult can be considered analogous to development of tissues and organ systems in the embryo. It should not be surprising that many of the genes traditionally thought of as regulators of embryonic development are also used to regulate endometrial development. Recent evidence has demonstrated that HOX genes, the principle regulators of tissue differentiation in the embryo, are also essential for endometrial development and for endometrial receptivity.HOXA11 is a member of HOX genes family, and it controls the form and the development of the uterus. It has been indicated that Hoxa11 played an essential role in endometrial development and implantation of...