| Recently, the problem of air pollution caused by atmospheric particles is following with interests. Fine particle matters(PM2.5) are the most hazardous since they can penetrate bronchiole, pulmonary alveoli and blood circulation in the end carrying with many heavy metal elements and organic pollutants. PM2.5 not only have the characteristic of high level concentration, but also have serious biological toxicity. It may bring out some serious sickness such as irritability asthma, leukemia , lung cancer , and so on. However, the mechanisms of multi-pathogenic associated with PM2.5 are not well documented. Our study aims to further calibrate the toxicity and the mechanism of it with introtrachea instillation under different levels, simultaneously to establish suitable method to evaluate the damage of low level exposure to it and to find biomarkers which can be earlier and more conveniently to detect the damage induced byPM2.5. Results:(1) The overrates of daily mean of PM2.5 in heating period and non-heating period are 84.85%, 22.50%, respectively. Concentration of some heavy metal elements are higher, such as Cd , Pb , Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe. The level of atmospheric particulates in heating period is more serious than that in non-heating period. PM2.5 enriches more heavy metal elements and expressing more damage to human health .(2) Establishment of the animal model of introtrachea instillation with PM2.5 at different dose(1.5 mg ? kg-1 and 7.5 mg ? kg-1) in 7 days and 14 days. In 7 days it has found that the activity of GSH-Px in lung was changed, the level of MDA in peripheral blood in the test group was significantly increased than that of the control group and the level of MDA in heating period was higher than that in non-heating period in the same dose, so MDA in peripheral blood may be used as an effect biomarker of PM2.5 exposure. In 14 days it has found that the oxidative damage of PM2.5 has dose-effect...
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