| Polymyositis (PM) is a syndrome characterized by inflammation and denaturalization in muscle, which joined dermatosis is dermatomyositis (DM). The safe and potent remedy is lack of now. In many years, cortin and immunosuppressant is the unique choice, whereas it shows complete response in 1/3 patients and inefficacy or intolerance in 20% patients. Its legion severe toxicities and side-effects are irremissible. So to find a safe and potent remedy as a substitute of cortin is pressed. Gecko is a Chinese traditional medicine and shows restraining inflammation and allergic response, detumescence and alimentation. It provided distinct effection to both of malignant tumors and autoimmune disorders. We injected complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and skeletal muscles homonegate from a rabbit into guinea pig subcutis to produce experimental allergic myositis (EAM) successfully. And to insight into the characteristic of pathological changes in muscles in EAM by observing the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical staining in order to test whether gecko and prednisone can provide protection and therapy to EAM. We injected the admixture of 0.1ml CFA and 0.2ml skeletal muscles homonegate into 160 guinea pigs'nape subcutis weekly for 4 weeks. After that, all lived guinea pigs were divided into 4 groups: control group (A group), little dosage gecko group (B group), big dosage gecko group (C group) and prednisone group (D group). Different drags were given to them respectively by intragastric administration every day for 4 consecutive weeks: 5ml isotonic sodium chloride (A group), 1250mg/kg gecko solution (B group), 3750mg/kg gecko solution (C group), 3mg/kg prednisone solution (D group). Every guinea pig was observed daily for the changes in avoirdupois, local skin around injected point, gait, color pattern, activity, muscle zymogram and given LennonLA score: 0-without myasthenia; 1-weak gnawing or crying; 2-body hunched, head lolled, forelimb groveled, quivered; 3-severe myasthenia, reticence, lose weight, myatrophy, dyspnea, in ext. The muscle biopsy was progressed weekly on the bench after anesthesia in abdominal cavity. The midsection on puadriceps femoris was extirpated and embedded into paraffin, achieved the HE and immunohistochemical staining. Our result showed: guinea pigs in every groups generally fervescenced and lost their appetite after injection one week, attended by lower voice and avoirdupois, muscle zymogram raising, lassitude, creeping, even paralysis. The skeletal muscles homonegate and CFA absorbed very slowly. Nub and ulcerating appeared around the injection point and scabbed to spontaneous cure in several days. There were 28 guinea pigs succumbing to exhaustion after 3 weeks from injection completed. The muscle striations disappeared andinflammatory celles appeared could be seen after 1 week from EAM produced. The quantity of inflammatory celles was raising in the next two weeks. Stroma to be involved in, small vessels wall thickening and muscle degeneration could be seen in the first week of two, local muscle necrosis in the last week. The skeletal muscles necrosis by S-T segment S-T and atrophy became more and more obvious by the end of the next week. The difference between every groups could be seen easy after 6 week from EAM produced: both of A and B groups kept aggravating through to peak, while C and D groups gained anesis obviously in both of the quantity of inflammatory celles and the skeletal muscles necrosis. C group was more remarkable. After more a week, the pathological process in A and B groups tended to anesis gradually, too. But the necrosis by S-T segment S-T still could be found. In the last week, the pathological process of EAM in each group gained anesis obviously. The muscle striations appeared again in only C group by then. The research about PM/DM has persisted for almost 150 years. Its etiopathogenisis and nosogenesis have been recognized relating to infection, tumors, immunity, heredity, ect, although undetermined. Integrating animal model, immunogenetics, circulating antibodies, the pertinency with other autoimmune diseases and the response to immunosuppressants, PM/DM is regarded as a immunity mediating process touched off by environment factors in genetic predisposition.
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