A Study On The National Institutes Of Health-evolvement,Administrative System And Managerial Process

First, the paper probes into the evolvement of the NIH's history more than one hundred in the context of the politics, economy, and international position, and divides it into 5 phases according the reformation and reorganization of institutes and centers and some important acts, then concludes four impetuses.Secondly, the paper studies the NIH's more and more important federal status, the function and organization setting of NIH's institutes, centers, office of director and its presidial offices from the dimensionality of National Public Health System and National Innovation System, and agrees that our own NIH should be setup; studies the NIH's regular meeting system, NIH director's stretchy power and complicated advisory/consultative committee system, conclude the most important and preferential principle that do every thing in term of law.Thirdly the paper construes the NIH's budget process, funding process and peer review process according to the cash flow, that is the obtainment, usage and distribution of money. It analyzes the USA federal government's budget process, NIH's budget cycle, the decisive influence of the congress, then sums up the managerial function of the budget process, and illustrates the quadrilateral interaction of congress, government, health advocacy groups and science organizations; summarizes the basic pattern and characteristic of funding process and puts forward several merits by contrasting NIH - P30 grant and China's 973 project. It also introduce the historic origin, definition, connatural limitation and relevant countermeasure, and studies the evolvement of CSR, sums up several merits of NIH's two level peer review process: study section evaluation for scientific merit and National Advisory Councils.Finally, the paper makes some suggestions that China should learn from NIH according to our actual situation: the active participation of NGOs and NPOs in the decision-making and so on.