| Objective To investigate the influence of Consensus interferon-α(cIFN-α) treatment on the peripheral blood dendritic cells subsets in chronic HBV-infected patients. Methods Twenty-three patients with chronic hepatitis B were treated with cIFN-α for 24 weeks and then followed up for another 24 weeks. The peripheral blood samples were obtained from the patients before treatment, and 12, 24, and 48 weeks after beginning of treatment. Flow cytometry was applied to detect the dynamic alteration of the numbers and percentages in circulating DCs subsets. To analyze the results on the basis of serum virus load and alanine transaminase(ALT), we categorized all CHB according to the following: ALT less than or equal to 5×ULN(=40U/L) (group A); and ALT greater than 5×ULN(group B); and HBVDNA less than or equal to 10~6copies/mL(group C), and HBVDNA greater than 10~6copies/mL(group D). To analyze the results on the serum virus load when treatment finished, we categorized all CHB as following: HBVDNA less than 10~4copies/mL(group E), and HBVDNA greater than or equal to 10~4copies/mL(group F). Results (I) The negative serocovertion of HBVDNA and HBeAg, and positive serocovertion of anti-HBe were (8/23)34.8% , 9/23(39.1%) and (2/23)8.7% respectively after 24 weeks' treatment and were 7/18(38.9%), (6/18)33.3% and (4/18)22.2% respectively after 48 weeks' treatment. (2) The numbers and percentages of mycloid dendritic cells(mDC) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDC) were decreased after treatment. The statistical association was found significantly between the DCs and WBC(p<0.05). (3) The numbers of mDC and pDC in group A before treatment and after treatment for 24 weeks are ( 14.96±5.86 )×10~6/L, ( 9.97±4.62 )×10~6/L(p<0.05) and (5.70±2.16) × 10~6/L, ( 4.07±1.76 )×10~6/L(p<0.05). And there was significant difference in the...
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