| The metacarpal fascial spaces of hand, which mainly comprise the midpalmar space (MPS) and the thenar space (TS), are the potential structure that is not virtual, so that difficulties are presented in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the metacarpal fascial spaces of hand. In order to solve the difficulties, anatomical borderline and abut relationship of the metacarpal fascial spaces of hand have to be sufficiently understood. However some literatures were not totally identical in descriptions of the metacarpal fascial spaces of hand, the borderline and abut of the metacarpal fascial spaces of hand were detailedly observed and researched by fresh cadaveric dissection, thin sectional anatomy and computerized three-dimensional reconstruction etc.Digitized visible human, a computerized model of human organs that is displayed by three-dimensional (3-D) way by computerized technology, is an advanced project of medicine combined with information technology, computer technology, and virtual reality (VR) technology. In this study, two fresh cadaveric hands of adult were done artery perfusion, examination of CT and CR, and finally a group of data of adult hands were acquired by a series of operation of embedding, milling, taking pictures and so on. The space between cross-sections was 0.2 mm, and the size of each cross-section picture was 31.5 M bytes. During the program 1500 cross-sections were acquired in total. Among there were 300 pictures of coronary cross-sections and 1200 pictures of the horizontal cross-sections. The bones, digital flexor tendons, outline, MPS and TS were three-dimensionally reconstructed and visualized by PC after a series of procedures including contraposition, clipping, and so on. Our results are showed as follow:1. Anatomical borderline and communication of the MPSThe anterior borderline of the MPS is the digital flexor tendons of middle finger, ring finger, little finger and the 2nd lumbrical muscle(LM), 3rd LM, 4th LM; the posterior borderline is the palmar interosseous fascia before 3rd palmar bone, 4th palmar bone, 5th palmar bone and corresponding interosseous muscles; the lateral borderline is the septum between midpalmar and thenar spaces; the medial borderline of the MPS is the medial intermuscular septum of palm. In addition, the distal section of the MPS which is separated into three little spaces by two septums of connective tissue, and 3rd , 4th, 5th digital flexor tendon and 2nd, 3rd, 4th LM are respectively contained by the three little spaces.The proximal of this space open to the posterior space of antebrachial flexor by the carpal canal; the distal of this space open to 2nd, 3rd , 4th web space(WS) by 2nd, 3rd , compartment of 4th LM, and continuously the dorsal subcutaneous space and the subaponeurotic space.2. Anatomical borderline and communication the TSThe anterior borderline of the TS is the 1st digital flexor tendon and the 1st LM; the posterior borderline is the fascia of abductor pollicis; the medial borderline is the palmar intermediate septum(PIMS); the lateral borderline is the tenden sheath of flexor pollicis longus and the lateral intermuscular septum of palm.The proximal of the thenar space is close; the distal of this space open to 1st WS by compartment of the1st LM, and continuously to the dorsal subcutaneous space and the subaponeurotic space.3. 3-D reconstruction of midpalmar fascial spaces of handThe MPS and the TS were three-dimensionally reconstructed by reconstruction method of slices in personal computer (PC). Each dimensional structure and relationship were clearly displayed by reconstructed 3-D image, and each dimensional structure can be shown either solely or in groups with reconstructed tendons and bones. All reconstructed structures can be rotated arbitrary angle around arbitrary axis, or be continuously rotated by different speed in 3-D position.4. Establishment of the visible hand modelThe bones, digital flexor tendons, and outline of hand were three-dimensionally reconstructed, and the visible hand model was est...
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